Streamflow variability plays a crucial role in shaping the dynamics and sustainability of Earth's ecosystems, which can be simulated and projected by ESMs. However, the simulation of streamflow is subject to considerable uncertainties.

A new study uses direct numerical simulations to develop a near-surface turbulence model for thermal convection using interpretable and physics-aware neural networks, broadening the applications of numerical simulations.

Models have identified a new source of anthropogenic emissions driving the observed weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.

The Earth System Model Aerosol–Cloud Diagnostics package version 2 uses aircraft, ship, ground, and satellite measurements to evaluate detailed physical processes in aerosols, clouds, and aerosol–cloud interactions.

Decreased snow cover observed over the past few decades and projected for the future suggest increasing snow droughts that threaten water security and management.

The Emissions Model Intercomparison Project examined how selected emissions-related properties affected results in 11 global chemistry and Earth-system models.

Using regional meteorological data from an atmosphere reanalysis product, scientists identified 12 unique winter weather systems in the Puget Sound area, featuring differing precipitation and temperature responses to climate variabilities.

Clustering wildfires into four types based on their land-atmosphere drivers can potentially improve regional wildfire predictions.

Differences in water interactions lead to two gibbsite dissolution pathways modulated by solution acidity.

Pacific Northwest may face increase in summer heat-dome-like stationary waves.

Identifying how curvature affects the doping and hydrogen binding energies of carbon-based materials provides a framework for designing hydrogen storage materials.

Atmospheric rivers, filaments of intense moisture transport in the atmosphere, can now be automatically detected in satellite observations.

Machine learning methods and data science can uncover hidden patterns in nanoparticle synthesis conditions and property outcomes.

Proposing a new synthetic route to layered materials that demonstrate efficient photocatalysis.

New research shows how cloud shapes affect the process of cloud evolution, resulting in better understanding of how clouds behave, improving weather forecasts, and enhancing comprehension of climate systems.

Irradiation in a sodium hydroxide solution increases the dissolution rate and particle roughness of gibbsite compared to dry irradiation.

1-propanol converts from a monomer into a trimer at aluminum sites within zeolite pores.

Investigating the impact of global warming on mesoscale convective systems initiation and growth with a theoretical model.

Understanding the contrasting response in relative humidity at ocean and land surfaces under global warming.