From studying the multisector ripple effects of extreme events to exploring the chemical reactions that underlie life on Earth, two up-and-coming PNNL scientists were recognized for their scientific vision and prowess.

Scientists uncovered the molecular basis of nitric acid speciation across dilute and concentrated solutions and identified competing hydration-shell rearrangements around lanthanide ions at the dilute limit.

A theoretical index linking precipitation and atmospheric evaporative demand explains historical land humidity changes across observations, reanalyses, and climate models.

A 14-year comparison with satellite observations identified robust mesoscale convective cloud statistics and systematic precipitation biases in ERA5.

Observations, reanalysis, and E3SMv3 experiments linked inter-annual variability of Congo Basin surface temperature to the zonal position of precipitation over the Indo-Pacific maritime continent region.

Quasi-stationary Rossby waves shape North American temperature extremes, but higher model resolution does not always improve their modeled representation.

Watershed-based representation discretized into topographic subgrid units better captured small-scale land cover, precipitation, temperature, and snow variability across multiple spatial scales.

Numerical simulations reveal how well-controlled wall temperature and moisture can generate a stratocumulus-like cloud top in a laboratory cloud chamber.

A new tracer model tracked how May 2015 storm water re-entered the atmosphere and contributed to later rainfall.

Physics-informed and data-driven neural network models enhance Earth system models in simulating compound flooding at river-ocean interfaces.

Observations and models showed that tropical cyclone outer size increased in the western North Atlantic since 1979.

Establishing how electronic redistribution, protonation, and solvent rearrangement are coupled during a proton-coupled electron transfer process.

Using multiple specialized techniques, IDREAM researchers gained a better understanding of how trace impurities within gibbsite affect the hydrogen yield.

Tracking water age using a new precipitation tagging method within a hydrologic model generates key information to support hydropower energy and other water-dependent systems.

More rain and less snow shorten how long water stays in watersheds.

​​Tests show which low-cost 3D method best matches field measurements to minimize errors in mapping headwaters.​

New software enables the study of nuclear quantum effects in large, condensed phase systems up to 10× faster than traditional methods.

Now, anyone can easily explore and access data from a nationwide map of data centers, the infrastructure that powers them, and projections of future data center locations.

Nanosize platelets of an aluminum material slide and join in a staggered orientation to form larger crystals.

IDREAM researchers uncovered how dimeric complexes control how aluminum hydroxide minerals dissolve.