From studying the multisector ripple effects of extreme events to exploring the chemical reactions that underlie life on Earth, two up-and-coming PNNL scientists were recognized for their scientific vision and prowess.

Scientists uncovered the molecular basis of nitric acid speciation across dilute and concentrated solutions and identified competing hydration-shell rearrangements around lanthanide ions at the dilute limit.

A theoretical index linking precipitation and atmospheric evaporative demand explains historical land humidity changes across observations, reanalyses, and climate models.

A 14-year comparison with satellite observations identified robust mesoscale convective cloud statistics and systematic precipitation biases in ERA5.

Observations, reanalysis, and E3SMv3 experiments linked inter-annual variability of Congo Basin surface temperature to the zonal position of precipitation over the Indo-Pacific maritime continent region.

Quasi-stationary Rossby waves shape North American temperature extremes, but higher model resolution does not always improve their modeled representation.

Watershed-based representation discretized into topographic subgrid units better captured small-scale land cover, precipitation, temperature, and snow variability across multiple spatial scales.

Numerical simulations reveal how well-controlled wall temperature and moisture can generate a stratocumulus-like cloud top in a laboratory cloud chamber.

A new tracer model tracked how May 2015 storm water re-entered the atmosphere and contributed to later rainfall.

Physics-informed and data-driven neural network models enhance Earth system models in simulating compound flooding at river-ocean interfaces.

The Iowa Nuclear Energy Task Force, chaired by PNNL’s Mark Nutt, evaluated the state’s potential nuclear future including emerging technologies, workforce needs, waste management, and economic growth opportunities.

Observations and models showed that tropical cyclone outer size increased in the western North Atlantic since 1979.

Establishing how electronic redistribution, protonation, and solvent rearrangement are coupled during a proton-coupled electron transfer process.

Tracking water age using a new precipitation tagging method within a hydrologic model generates key information to support hydropower energy and other water-dependent systems.

More rain and less snow shorten how long water stays in watersheds.

​​Tests show which low-cost 3D method best matches field measurements to minimize errors in mapping headwaters.​

New software enables the study of nuclear quantum effects in large, condensed phase systems up to 10× faster than traditional methods.

Now, anyone can easily explore and access data from a nationwide map of data centers, the infrastructure that powers them, and projections of future data center locations.

Scientists provide a guide for the rational application of continuum descriptions of fluid flows based on interfacial chemistry.

From developing new energy storage materials to revealing patterns of Earth’s complex systems, studies led by PNNL researchers are recognized for their innovation and influence.