Researchers developed a natural gas trade infrastructure capability within a computer planning model that includes representations of energy, agriculture and land use, economy, water, and climate systems in 32 regions of the world.
Researchers devised a quantitative and predictive understanding of the cloud chemistry of biomass-burning organic gases helping increase the understanding of wildfires.
Streamflow variability plays a crucial role in shaping the dynamics and sustainability of Earth's ecosystems, which can be simulated and projected by ESMs. However, the simulation of streamflow is subject to considerable uncertainties.
PNNL scientists have been studying how rivers and streams breathe. Their research focuses on respiration, organic matter, and natural disturbances that affect rivers and streams.
A new study uses direct numerical simulations to develop a near-surface turbulence model for thermal convection using interpretable and physics-aware neural networks, broadening the applications of numerical simulations.
A PNNL study developed a water management module for Xanthos that distinguishes between the operational characteristics of hydropower, irrigation, and flood control reservoirs.
The Earth System Model Aerosol–Cloud Diagnostics package version 2 uses aircraft, ship, ground, and satellite measurements to evaluate detailed physical processes in aerosols, clouds, and aerosol–cloud interactions.
Decreased snow cover observed over the past few decades and projected for the future suggest increasing snow droughts that threaten water security and management.
The Emissions Model Intercomparison Project examined how selected emissions-related properties affected results in 11 global chemistry and Earth-system models.
Using regional meteorological data from an atmosphere reanalysis product, scientists identified 12 unique winter weather systems in the Puget Sound area, featuring differing precipitation and temperature responses to climate variabilities.
In soil, microbes produce and consume methane. Using a technique called pool dilution, researchers can separate the rate of methane production and consumption from the net rate.
PNNL scientists developed a new method to map exactly how a fungus works with leafcutter ants in a complex microbial community to degrade plant material at the molecular level. The team’s insights are important for biofuels development.
Identifying how curvature affects the doping and hydrogen binding energies of carbon-based materials provides a framework for designing hydrogen storage materials.