Methods and Systems for Evaluating Data Transportability in Distribution Grids
This is an extension to IPID 31833-E and is the completion of IPID 31948. The invention is a means to evaluate the suitability of a communication network to transport electric grid telemetry from source locations (sensors on the grid) to destinations where the data would be used (various grid analytics, decision, control, and protection applications/devices/systems.) This invention makes use of elements of graph theory specially adapted to the problem at hand with the innovation that all possible uses of the communication network can be considered rigorously and simultaneously without the need for enumeration of specific use cases and without the need for simulations of any kind.The method is thus global (considers the entire network) and comprehensive (considers all possible network paths). As such, it can be used as an early stage planning tool (unlike other methods) but can be applied at any time in the life cycle of the communication network and the grid.
Hydroxymethylfurfural Reduction Methods and Methods of Producing Furandimethanol
A method of reducing hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) where a starting material containing HMF in a solvent comprising water is provided. H2 is provided into the reactor and the starting material is contacted with a catalyst containing at least one metal selected from Ni, Co, Cu, Pd, Pt, Ru, Ir, Re and Rh, at a temperature of less than or equal to 250° C. A method of hydrogenating HMF includes providing an aqueous solution containing HMF and fructose. H2 and a hydrogenation catalyst are provided. The HMF is selectively hydrogenated relative to the fructose at a temperature at or above 30° C. A method of producing tetrahydrofuran dimethanol (THFDM) includes providing a continuous flow reactor having first and second catalysts and providing a feed comprising HMF into the reactor. The feed is contacted with the first catalyst to produce furan dimethanol (FDM) which is contacted with the second catalyst to produce THFDM.
Hydroxymethylfurfural Reduction Methods and Methods of Producing Furandimethanol
This IP describes catalysts and condition for selective FDM formation in high yields in water solvent. Catalysts that tend to convert primarily to polyols are also identified.
Hydroxymethylfurfural Reduction Methods and Methods of Producing Furandimethanol
This IP describes catalysts and condition for selective FDM formation in high yields in water solvent. Catalysts that tend to convert primarily to polyols are also identified.
Heavy Fossil Hydrocarbon and Upgrading Using Radio-Frequency or Microwave Energy
This invention disclosure report describes alternative methods of direct coal liquefaction for the production of chemicals and fuels. Through utilization of microwave or Rf energies, coal is directly converted to a variety of value-added chemicals and fuels. Direct generation of acetylene, olefins, BTX, naphtha, naphthalenes, and fuel precursors from coal in inert atmospheres are observed. Addition of hydrogen and/or methane can further increases direct fuel production and hydrogenation of the coal-derived liquids is observed at atmospheric pressure and modest temperatures. Modifications of reactants, process parameters, and reactor design can significantly influence the relative product distribution of chemicals and fuels generated.
Thermal Energy Storage Devices, Systems, and Thermal energy Storage Device Monitoring Methods
Thermal energy storage devices, systems, and thermal energy storage device monitoring methods are described. According to one aspect, a thermal energy storage device includes a reservoir configured to hold a thermal energy storage medium, a temperature control system configured to adjust a temperature of the thermal energy storage medium, and a state observation system configured to provide information regarding an energy state of the thermal energy storage device at a plurality of different moments in time.
SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF MAGNESIUM METAL AND MAGNESIUM HYDRIDE FROM MAGNESIUM-CONTAINING SALTS AND BRINES (iEdison No. 0685901-13-0017)
A system and process are disclosed for production of consolidated magnesium metal products and alloys with selected densities from magnesium-containing salts and feedstocks. The system and process employ a dialkyl magnesium compound that decomposes to produce the Mg metal product. Energy requirements and production costs are lower than for conventional processing.
Iron-sulfide redox flow batteries
Iron-sulfide redox flow battery (RFB) systems can be advantageous for energy storage, particularly when the electrolytes have pH values greater than 6. Such systems can exhibit excellent energy conversion efficiency and stability and can utilize low-cost materials that are relatively safer and more environmentally friendly. One example of an iron-sulfide RFB is characterized by a positive electrolyte that comprises Fe(III) and/or Fe(II) in a positive electrolyte supporting solution, a negative electrolyte that comprises S.sup.2- and/or S in a negative electrolyte supporting solution, and a membrane, or a separator, that separates the positive electrolyte and electrode from the negative electrolyte and electrode.
SULFUR TOLERANT CATALYST, CATALYST SYSTEMS, AND METHODS OF CATALYTIC HYDROTHERMAL GASIFICATION (iEdison No. 0685901-22-0159)
Ru-Mo sulfide bimetallic catalysts are disclosed for catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) of aqueous stream produced from hydrothermal liquefaction of wet wastes. This catalyst is sulfur resistant and require less Ru loading compared to the current baseline catalyst, which addresses the most critical challenge for CHG. The CHG process with this catalyst converts the aqueous stream to CH4, H2, CO2, and other light hydrocarbons as well as cleaned water that can be recycled or even released into the environment.
CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND CIRCUIT BREAKER OPERATIONAL METHODS (iEdison No. 0685901-22-0217)
For seamless integration of offshore renewable generation with onshore grid using LF-HVac network it is essential to develop a robust protection system. Under low frequency transmission, the transmission line impedance is reduced that helps to increase the power transfer capability of the system. Power transfer capabilities are almost comparable to HVdc systems under very low frequencies. The key difference between developing a protection scheme for LF-HVac compared to a HVdc system is the essential zero-crossing of the ac current/voltage. Some literature's have proposed the use of conventional ac breakers to interrupt faults on the LF-HVac transmission side. Reduction of system impedance on the low-frequency ac side results in higher fault current. In our study we have worked on and improved a previously proposed low-frequency circuit breaker (US 9,263,880 B2). Our design and operation shows a faster interruption of the fault current. Along with that we proposed a new hybrid circuit breaker design that has a serial operating structure contrary to the parallel operating one as was previously proposed. We have extensively tested the operational characteristics of the modified design and the newly proposed serial circuit breaker design.