Changes in land use and land cover have diverse and contrasting effects on different types of rain.

Metrics and diagnostics that improve connections between model errors and their sources can lead to better precipitation modeling.

A circumglobal circulation pattern related to natural climate variability influences the location of summertime hot spots.

Increasing amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide change when in the day tropical forest rainfall occurs.

The Earth system model aerosol-cloud diagnostics package version 1 uses aircraft, ship, and surface measurements to evaluate simulated aerosols in an Earth system model.

A new study shows how organic molecules respond to global change varies according to functional traits and ecological processes.

Assessing a complex concert of the weather and terrain conditions that affect the growth of cumulus clouds into deep thunderstorms along mountain ranges.

Tropical cyclones induce sea surface cooling, but their associated heavy rainfall reduces the effect through increased ocean mixing.

Relaxing the simplifying assumptions in model energy budgets can affect their simulated regional water cycles.

A novel combination of temperature and four-dimensional geophysical sensors revealed otherwise unseeable hydrologic dynamics below riverbed sediments.

Dominant and functionally important soil microbes show strong, predictable, and distinctly different associations with continental-scale gradients in climate, vegetation, and soil moisture.

New research quantifies the discrepancies between ground measurements of soil respiration and satellite estimates of photosynthesis.

Recalibrating both cloud and subgrid representations improves model projections of the base climate, aerosol-cloud interactions, and cloud feedbacks.

An improved model captures the interactions between the U.S. economy, energy, water, and land systems with increased spatial and temporal detail.

A newly developed tool helps researchers analyze process-level relationships within atmospheric models.

A novel database of tracked deep convective storms reveals how environmental factors affect storm formation and growth in South America.

Investigating cloud condensation nuclei activities in various airmasses enabled linking activity variations with organic oxidation levels and volatility

New study investigates how to use a non-toxic condensation particle counter for airborne atmospheric research

Soil transplant experiment gives new insights into coastal forest resilience, rising seas, and increasing storms.

ICON science is a Department of Energy-developed framework to enhance scientific outcomes via more intentional design of research efforts across all domains of science.