PNNL

Effects of Different Stratospheric SO2 Injection Altitudes on Stratospheric Chemistry and Dynamics

Climate response to off-equatorial stratospheric sulfur injections in three Earth system models – Part 2: Stratospheric and free-tropospheric response

The Injection Height of Aerosol Sources Plays a Role in the Destiny of Aerosols

Uncertainty in assumed effective emission height from anthropogenic sources strongly affects the concentration and vertical profile of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and aerosols

Response of Surface Ultraviolet and Visible Radiation to Stratospheric SO2 Injections

Comparing surface and stratospheric impacts of geoengineering with different SO2 injection strategies

Stratospheric Dynamical Response and Ozone Feedbacks in the Presence of SO2 Injections

Climate response to off-equatorial stratospheric sulfur injections in three Earth system models – Part 1: Experimental protocols and surface changes

Atmospheric Aerosols

Atmospheric aerosols consist of small particles suspended in the atmosphere that play a significant role in Earth’s climate.

Geoengineering with stratospheric aerosols: What do we not know after a decade of research?

Mission-driven research for stratospheric aerosol geoengineering