Materials Scientist
Materials Scientist

Publications

2025

  • Evarts J.S., B.J. Riley, C.E. Lonergan, M.S. Harris, J. Bai, E. Bohannan, and I. Ajoku, et al. 2025. "Synergy in materials: Leveraging phosphosilicate waste forms for electrochemical salt waste." ACS Sustainable Resource Management 2, no. 3:514-523. PNNL-SA-206446. doi:10.1021/acssusresmgt.4c00501

2024

  • Chong S., and B.J. Riley. 2024. "Compositional effects on the chemical durabilities of aluminophosphate glasses: A review." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: X 21. PNNL-SA-191340. doi:10.1016/j.nocx.2023.100205
  • Chong S., B.J. Riley, X. Lu, J. Du, T. Mahadevan, and V.I. Hegde. 2024. "Synthesis and properties of anhydrous rare-earth phosphates, monazite and xenotime: A review." RSC Advances 14, no. 27:18978-19000. PNNL-SA-194627. doi:10.1039/D4RA01142B
  • Evarts J.S., S. Chong, J.M. Oshiro, B.J. Riley, R.M. Asmussen, and J.S. McCloy. 2024. "Ceramic-metal (cermet) composites: A review of key properties and synthesis methods focused on nuclear waste immobilization." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 63, no. 14:6003-6023. PNNL-SA-191155. doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.3c04450
  • Lere-Adams A.J., M.C. Wilkins, D.L. Bollinger, S. Stariha, R. Farzana, P. Dayal, D. Gregg, et al. 2024. "Glass-bonded ceramic waste forms for immobilization of radioiodine from caustic scrubber wastes." Journal of Nuclear Materials 591. Art. No. 154938. PNNL-SA-192252. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2024.154938
  • Oshiro J.M., A. Fujii Yamagata, S. Sharma, R.M. Asmussen, S. Chong, B.J. Riley, J.V. Crum, et al. 2024. "Pelletization with spark plasma sintering and characterization of metal iodides: An assessment of long-term radioiodine immobilization options." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 63, no. 46:20009-20019. PNNL-SA-199799. doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.4c02320
  • Riley B.J., C.L. Beck, J.S. Evarts, S. Chong, A.M. Lines, H.M. Felmy, J. Mcfarlane, et al. 2024. "Analytical capabilities for iodine detection: Review of possibilities for different applications." AIP Advances 14, no. 8:Art. No. 080701. PNNL-SA-195189. doi:10.1063/5.0208591
  • Riley B.J., N.L. Canfield, S. Chong, and J. Crum. 2024. "Metal-Encapsulated, Polymer-Containing Halide Salt Composites as Potential Long-Term Hosts for Radioiodine: Evaluating Halmets, Polyhalmets, and Halcermets." ACS Omega 9, no. 32:34661-34674. PNNL-SA-196206. doi:10.1021/acsomega.4c03378
  • Riley B.J., N.L. Canfield, S. Chong, J.M. Oshiro, J.L. George, C. Burns, and J.L. Helgeland. 2024. Evaluating Iodine Immobilization Technologies: Cermets, Polycermets, and Polyhalmets. PNNL-35738. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.  
  • Riley B.J., S. Chong, and N.L. Canfield. 2024. "Synthesis of and Iodine capture with MSx (Ag2S, Bi2S3, Cu2S)-polyacrylonitrile composites." New Journal of Chemistry 48, no. 8:3352-3356. PNNL-SA-193562. doi:10.1039/D3NJ05961H
  • Robinson A.J., H.M. Johnson, S. Chong, B.J. Riley, M.K. Murphy, P.K. Okabe, and P.K. Thallapally. 2024. "Noble Gas Management with Radiation-Tolerant MOF for Molten Salt Reactors." Cell Reports Physical Science 5, no. 2:Art. No. 101829. PNNL-SA-191719. doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2024.101829

2023

  • Riley B.J., N.L. Canfield, M. Peterson, J.L. George, S. Chong, and J.V. Crum. 2023. Crystalline versus Glassy Nature of Iron Phosphate Waste Forms Subjected to Different Slow Cooling Curves. PNNL-34917. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.  
  • Riley B.J., S. Chong, M. Zhao, and J. Lian. 2023. "Densification and immobilization of AgI-containing iodine waste forms using spark plasma sintering." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 62, no. 22:8779-8792. PNNL-SA-183003. doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.3c00892
  • Yadav A., S. Chong, B.J. Riley, J.S. McCloy, and A. Goel. 2023. "Iodine capture by Ag-loaded solid sorbents followed by Ag recycling and iodine immobilization: An end-to-end process." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 62, no. 8:3635-3646. PNNL-SA-179871. doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04357

2022

  • Asmussen R.M., J. Turner, S. Chong, and B.J. Riley. 2022. "Review of recent developments in iodine wasteform production." Frontiers in Chemistry 10. PNNL-SA-176905. doi:10.3389/fchem.2022.1043653
  • Baskaran K., M. Ali, K.L. Gingrich, D.L. Porter, S. Chong, B.J. Riley, C.W. Peak, et al. 2022. "Sol-gel derived silica: A review of polymer-tailored properties for energy and environmental applications." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 336. PNNL-SA-166395. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2022.111874
  • Chong S., and B.J. Riley. 2022. "Thermal conversion in air of rare-earth fluorides to rare-earth oxyfluorides and rare-earth oxides." Journal of Nuclear Materials 561. PNNL-SA-167547. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2022.153538
  • Chong S., B.J. Riley, and Z.J. Nelson. 2022. "Crystalline compounds for remediation of rare-earth fission products: A review." Journal of Rare Earths 40, no. 3:365-380. PNNL-SA-156271. doi:10.1016/j.jre.2021.01.016
  • Chong S., B.J. Riley, J. Marcial, C.E. Lonergan, and D.A. Cutforth. 2022. "Synthesis of dysprosium oxychloride (DyOCl)." Journal of Chemical Crystallography 52, no. 2:185-193. PNNL-SA-158753. doi:10.1007/s10870-021-00904-2
  • Chong S., B.J. Riley, R.M. Asmussen, A. Fujii Yamagata, J. Marcial, S. Lee, and C. Burns. 2022. "Iodine capture with metal-functionalized polyacrylonitrile composite beads containing Ag0, Bi0, Cu0, or Sn0 particles." ACS Applied Polymer Materials 4, no. 12:9040-9051. PNNL-SA-174578. doi:10.1021/acsapm.2c01407
  • Reiser J., A.R. Lawter, N.M. Avalos, J.F. Bonnett, B.J. Riley, S. Chong, N.L. Canfield, et al. 2022. "Review and Experimental Comparison of the Durability of Iodine Waste Forms in Semi-Dynamic Leach Testing." Chemical Engineering Journal Advances 11. PNNL-SA-165785. doi:10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100300
  • Riley B.J., and S. Chong. 2022. "Dehalogenation Reactions Between Halide Salts and Phosphate Compounds." Frontiers in Chemistry 10. PNNL-SA-173546. doi:10.3389/fchem.2022.976781
  • Riley B.J., and S. Chong. 2022. "Effects of composition and canister centerline cooling on microstructure, phase distribution, and chemical durability of dehalogenated iron phosphate waste forms." Journal of Non-crystalline Solids 579. PNNL-SA-167004. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2021.121319
  • Strzelecki A., Y. Ren, S. Chong, B.J. Riley, H. Xu, J.S. McCloy, and X. Guo. 2022. "Structure and Thermodynamics of Calcium Rare Earth Silicate Oxyapatites, Ca2RE8(SiO4)6O2 (RE = Pr, Tb, Ho, Tm)." Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 49, no. 5:Art. No. 13. PNNL-SA-167132. doi:10.1007/s00269-022-01187-5
  • Thallapally P.K., A.J. Robinson, A.A. Zbib, B.J. Riley, S. Chong, J. Liu, M.K. Murphy, et al. 2022. Noble Gas Management: SBMOF 1 vs. NUCON Carbon - CRADA 459 (Final Report). PNNL-33314. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. doi:10.2172/1889654. 

2021

  • Beck C.L., B.J. Riley, S. Chong, N.P. Smith, D.R. Seiner, B.N. Seiner, M.H. Engelhard, et al. 2021. "Molecular Iodine Interactions with Fe, Ni, Cr, and Stainless Steel Alloys." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 60, no. 6:2447-2454. PNNL-SA-156259. doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04590
  • Chong S., B.J. Riley, W. Kuang, and M.J. Olszta. 2021. "Iodine capture with mechanically robust heat-treated Ag-Al-Si-O xerogel sorbents." ACS Omega 6, no. 17:11628-11638. PNNL-SA-158388. doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c00852
  • Riley B.J., S. Chong, and C.E. Lonergan. 2021. "Dechlorination apparatus for treating chloride salt wastes: System evaluation and scale-up." ACS Omega 6, no. 47:32239-32252. PNNL-SA-166207. doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c05065
  • Riley B.J., S. Chong, R.M. Asmussen, A. Bourchy, and M.H. Engelhard. 2021. "Polyacrylonitrile composites of Ag-Al-Si-O aerogels and xerogels as iodine and iodide sorbents." ACS Applied Polymer Materials 3, no. 7:3344-3353. PNNL-SA-158597. doi:10.1021/acsapm.1c00237

2020

  • Chong S., B.J. Riley, and Z.J. Nelson. 2020. "Dehydration synthesis and crystal structure of terbium oxychloride, TbOCl." Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications E76, no. 5:621-624. PNNL-SA-151493. doi:10.1107/S2056989020004387
  • Chong S., B.J. Riley, J.A. Peterson, M.J. Olszta, and Z.J. Nelson. 2020. "Gaseous Iodine Sorbents: A Comparison between Ag-Loaded Aerogel and Xerogel Scaffolds." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 23:26127-26136. PNNL-SA-146826. doi:10.1021/acsami.0c02396
  • Chong S., B.J. Riley, R.M. Asmussen, A.R. Lawter, S. Bruffey, J. Nam, J.S. McCloy, et al. 2020. "Iodosodalite synthesis with hot isostatic pressing of precursors produced from aqueous and hydrothermal processes." Journal of Nuclear Materials 538. PNNL-SA-149138. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152222
  • Chong S., B.J. Riley, Z.J. Nelson, and S. Perry. 2020. "Crystal structures and comparison of huntite aluminum borates REAl3(BO3)4 (RE = Tb, Dy, Ho)." Acta Crystallographica. Section E: Structure Reports Online E76. PNNL-SA-150573. doi:10.1107/S2056989020001802
  • Chong S., S. Perry, B.J. Riley, and Z.J. Nelson. 2020. "Crystal structures and comparisons of potassium rare-earth molybdates KRE(MoO4)2 (RE = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)." Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications 76, no. 12:1871-1875. PNNL-SA-154240. doi:10.1107/S205698902001542X
  • Gardner L., M. Wasnik, B.J. Riley, S. Chong, M. Simpson, and K. Carlson. 2020. "Synthesis and Characterization of Sintered H-Y Zeolite-Derived Waste Forms for Dehalogenated Electrorefiner Salt." Ceramics International 46, no. 11A:17707-17716. PNNL-SA-152502. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.04.075
  • Kissinger R.M., S. Chong, B.J. Riley, and J.V. Crum. 2020. "Synthesis and crystal structure of a mixed alkaline-earth powellite, Ca0.84Sr0.16MoO4." Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications E76, no. 2:121-124. PNNL-SA-150035. doi:10.1107/S2056989019017092
  • Riley B.J., and S. Chong. 2020. "Crystalline Aluminosilicates for Radionuclide Remediation." In An Introduction to Aluminosilicates, edited by N.R. Blevins. 249-272. Hauppauge, New York:Nova Science Publishers, Inc. PNNL-SA-148162.
  • Riley B.J., and S. Chong. 2020. "Environmental remediation with functional aerogels and xerogels." Global Challenges 4, no. 10:2000013. PNNL-SA-151800. doi:10.1002/gch2.202000013
  • Riley B.J., and S. Chong. 2020. "Glass waste form options for rare-earth fission products from electrochemical reprocessing." Journal of Non-crystalline Solids 545. PNNL-SA-152212. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2020.120161
  • Riley B.J., S. Chong, M.J. Olszta, and J.A. Peterson. 2020. "Evaluation of getter metals in Na-Al-Si-O aerogels and xerogels for the capture of iodine gas." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 17:19682-19692. PNNL-SA-146084. doi:10.1021/acsami.0c03155
  • Riley B.J., S. Chong, W. Kuang, T. Varga, A.S. Helal, M. Galanek, J. Li, et al. 2020. "Metal-Organic Framework-Polyacrylonitrile Composite Beads for Xenon Capture." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 40:45342-45350. PNNL-SA-154134. doi:10.1021/acsami.0c13717

2019

  • Crum J., S. Chong, J.A. Peterson, and B.J. Riley. 2019. "Syntheses, crystal structures, and comparisons of rare-earth oxyapatites Ca2RE8(SiO4)6O2 (RE = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Yb) and NaLa9(SiO4)6O2." Acta Crystallographica. Section E: Structure Reports Online 75. PNNL-SA-143316. doi:10.1107/S2056989019008442
  • Thompson M.R., B.J. Riley, M.E. Bowden, M.J. Olszta, D.J. Edwards, J.V. Crum, B.R. Johnson, et al. 2019. "Crystal structure and chemistry of tricadmium digermanium tetraarsenide, Cd3Ge2As4." Acta Crystallographica. Section E: Structure Reports Online E75. PNNL-SA-144599. doi:10.1107/S2056989019010636