The invention relates to a design of a high-throughput (HPT) electrochemical characterization system (can be used as electrochemical screening platforms or multi-channel reactors) and its applications in redox flow batteries or other energy storage and conversion systems. The HTP electrochemical characterization system includes an array of holes for holding liquid samples (a), a bottom electrode part for counter electrode function (b), a top electrode part for working electrode and reference electrode function (c), a top electrode holder part for grouping the electrodes and integrating with robotic arm (d), and a bottom electrode holder part for size matching with deck layouts of the commercial available robotic platforms (such as the size of microtiter plates) and heating or cooling function (e).