INTEGRATED SOLUTION TECHNIQUES FOR SECURITY CONSTRAINED UNIT COMMITMENT PROBLEM
HIPPO provides an optimization framework for solving security constrained unit commitment (SCUC) problem in RTO/ISO day-ahead market. The innovative features of HIPPO are: 1. Decomposition algorithms based on relaxing system couple constraints such as power balance constraints and transmission constraints. 2. Decomposition algorithms based on relaxing temporal decoupling inter-temporal constraints. 3. Concurrent optimizer executing multiple algorithms simultaneously and leveraging each algorithm's best performance
Nanocomposite protective coatings for battery anodes
Modified surfaces on metal anodes for batteries can help resist formation of malfunction-inducing surface defects. The modification can include application of a protective nanocomposite coating that can inhibit formation of surface defects. such as dendrites, on the anode during charge/discharge cycles. For example, for anodes having a metal (M′), the protective coating can be characterized by products of chemical or electrochemical dissociation of a nanocomposite containing a polymer and an exfoliated compound (Ma′Mb″Xc). The metal, M′, comprises Li, Na, or Zn. The exfoliated compound comprises M′ among lamella of Mb″Xc, wherein M″ is Fe, Mo, Ta, W, or V, and X is S, O, or Se.
GENE TARGETS FOR IMPROVED ENZYME PRODUCTION IN FUNGI
Deletion of a putative sugar transporter, resulted in a doubling of the heterologous BG activity detected in culture supernatants. This could potentially allow for increased production of heterologous proteins by A. niger for industrial use. In addition, deletion of this putative sugar transporter resulted in increased glucoamylase production.
Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks
A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy.
RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION MICRO-BATTERY AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME (iEdison 0685901-21-0003)
This invention relates to a rechargeable lithium-ion micro battery and associated method of manufacture. The rechargeable micro battery is a cylindrical shape and has a wound jellyroll comprised of an anode electrode sheet, a separator sheet and a cathode electrode sheet. The anode electrode sheet is a mixture of active material (graphite, Si), conductive carbon and binder coated on a copper current collector. A piece of Li metal film is also attached on the copper current collector close to but not contact with graphite mixture. The Li metal film acts as lithium source in the battery and will travel to graphite automatically after injecting the electrolyte into the battery. The loading of Li metal is designed to get the whole anode fully lithiated. The cathode electrode sheet is a mixture of active material (lithium free cathode, like S, MnO2 or delithiated LiCoO2, LiNiMnCoO2, Li2Mn2O4), conductive carbon and binder coated on aluminum current collector. The Li metal attached anode electrode sheet, separator sheet, and lithium free cathode electrode sheet are then wound to a cylindrical shape jellyroll. The jellyroll is sealed in a cylindrical can (Al, stainless steel or Ti) with electrolyte filled in it. With the design anode and cathode, the height of the rechargeable micro battery can be downsized to 1.6 mm with a diameter of 1.8 mm while 4 mm of height is a limit for current winding technology in lithium-ion battery.
COMBINED HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION AND CATALYTIC HYDROTHERMAL GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR CONVERSION OF BIOMASS FEEDSTOCKS (iEdison No. 0685901-10-0007)
A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy.
TRANSFORMER POWER MANAGEMENT CONTROLLERS AND TRANSFORMER POWER MANAGEMENT METHODS
This method to use controllable loads (e.g., PEV charging rates) to determine the distribution transformer loading condition is unique. The process to calculate the distribution transformer load condition is described in the following steps: (1) Identify the transformer's full load core loss value (watts); (2) Identify the transformer's base load (e.g., 25kVA) and secondary voltage (e.g. 240VAC); (3) use the following equation representing the classical relationships between power, current and impedance (e.g., Power = Current2 * Impedance) to calculate the full load transformer impedance; Transformer Power = Impedance * [Nameplate Power (W) ]2 / [Nameplate Secondary Voltage (VAC)]2 (4) use the transformer base current and calculated full load impedance to determine the maximum transformer voltage drop before exceeding the transformer power limit; (5) implement a periodic A.C. line voltage measurement and control capability (e.g., 240VAC) that records the line voltage and minimizes the PEV charging rate during relative high A.C. voltage times to determine a second A.C. line voltage value; (6) the two A.C. voltage and power values are then used to calculate a no-load transformer voltage. This no-load A.C. voltage estimate can be used to verify transformer voltage remains above its minimum voltage and determine the transformer's current loading; (7) these controls take into account variations in no-load line voltage and can be as simple as a short-term (e.g., ~one-hour) history of the highest line voltage as most residential loads cycle within that time period.
Intelligent sensor and controller framework for the power grid
Disclosed below are representative embodiments of methods, apparatus, and systems for monitoring and using data in an electric power grid. For example, one disclosed embodiment comprises a sensor for measuring an electrical characteristic of a power line, electrical generator, or electrical device; a network interface; a processor; and one or more computer-readable storage media storing computer-executable instructions. In this embodiment, the computer-executable instructions include instructions for implementing an authorization and authentication module for validating a software agent received at the network interface; instructions for implementing one or more agent execution environments for executing agent code that is included with the software agent and that causes data from the sensor to be collected; and instructions for implementing an agent packaging and instantiation module for storing the collected data in a data container of the software agent and for transmitting the software agent, along with the stored data, to a next destination.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF LONG-DURATION ENERGY STORAGE AND REGENERATION OF ENERGY-BEARING REDOX PAIRS
Described herein are systems and methods of storing and delivering electrical using hydrogen at low-cost and for long-durations. The systems and methods use energy-bearing redox pairs that electrochemically bear energy through decoupled hydrogen and oxygen consumption and/or evolution reactions, which are typically associated with fuel cells. Each species of the energy-bearing redox pair is associated with a standard electrode potential within a water electrolysis voltage window for the electrolyte solution. Electrical energy delivery, hydrogen generation, electrolyte regeneration, or combinations thereof can be performed by logically or physically separated unit operations in a continuous manner, batch manner, or semi-batch manner facilitated by the energy-bearing redox pair.
IRON COMPLEXES WITH PHOSPHONATE-BASED LIGANDS AS RFB ANOLYTE MATERIALS (iEdison No. iEdison No. 0685901-21-0132)
The present invention reports iron complexes based on multidentate ligands with phosphonate coordination groups. These metal complexes are used as anolyte materials in aqueous redox flow batteries. Proposed all soluble iron flow batteries have a battery structure similar to conventional RFB technology, which consists of an anolyte tank and a catholyte tank, and a flow battery stack. Compared with the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), the main advantage achieved by the present invention is the use of a cost-effective iron complex-based electrolyte to replace the high-cost vanadium electrolyte, thereby further reducing the cost of RFB technology.