ELECTROLYTES FOR LITHIUM ION AND LITHIUM METAL BATTERIES (iEdison No. 0685901-21-0140)
The high flammability of state-of-the-art liquid electrolytes is a major hazard for the safe operation of lithium (Li) ion batteries (LIBs) and Li metal batteries (LMBs). In this invention, flame retardants (FRs) with distinct solvation abilities were employed as the solvent and diluent of highly safe electrolytes. Because of the difference in the solvating abilities of the two selected flame retardants, the unique solvation structure of localized high concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) is created, which facilitates the formation of effective solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) on Li and graphite (Gr) electrodes. Consequently, the FR-based LHCEs allow long-term cycling of LIBs and LMBs. Since both the solvating solvent and the diluent are FRs, the FR-based LHCEs exhibit superior flame resistivity to the conventional LiPF6-organocarbonate electrolytes and the previous LHCEs.
COST EFFECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF OXIDE MATERIALS FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERIES (iEdison No. 0685901-21-0108)
The invention discloses a cost-saving method to synthesize lithium nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) especially Ni-rich single crystals. Lithium oxide (Li2O) salt is used as Li source in this method instead of LiOH-based salts (LiOH and LiOH·H2O) which has been used in existing NMC production. Compared to conventional LiOH-based salts route, the use of Li2O enables the same electrochemical performance of the final products while significantly reducing the number of processing steps and lowering the overall production cost and equipment attrition.
MEMBRANE DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR MASS EXCHANGE, SEPARATION, AND FILTRATION
A membrane device and processes for fabrication and for using are disclosed. The membrane device may include a number of porous metal membranes that provide a high membrane surface area per unit volume. The membrane device provides various operation modes that enhance throughput and selectivity for mass exchange, mass transfer, separation, and/or filtration applications between feed flow streams and permeate flow streams.
Methods for Sulfate Removal in Liquid-Phase Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification of Biomass
Through controlled addition of calcium into the hydrothermal processing medium a significant catalyst poison, sulfate, can be reduced to a low level, near 20 ppm, which may be sufficient to protect the gasification catalyst.
ADVANCED MULTI-LAYER ACTIVE MAGNETIC REGENERATOR SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR MAGNETOCALORIC LIQUEFACTION
An apparatus comprising: an active magnetic regenerative regenerator comprising multiple successive layers, wherein each layer comprises an independently compositionally distinct magnetic refrigerant material having Curie temperatures 18-22 K apart between successively adjacent layers, and the layers are arranged in successive Curie temperature order and magnetic refrigerant material mass order with a first layer having the highest Curie temperature layer and highest magnetic refrigerant material mass and the last layer having the lowest Curie temperature layer and lowest magnetic refrigerant material mass.