PNNL

Abstract

This paper reviews the current state of high-resolution soil moisture (SM) and evapotranspiration (ET) products and modeling, and how SM and ET are coupled. SM downscaling approaches for satellite passive microwave products leverage advances in artificial intelligence and high-resolution remote sensing using visible, near-infrared, thermal-infrared, and synthetic aperture radar sensors. Remotely sensed ET continues to advance in spatiotemporal resolutions from MODIS to ECOSTRESS to Hydrosat and beyond. These advances enable a new understanding of bio-geo-physical controls and coupled feedback mechanisms between SM and ET reflecting land cover and land use at field scale (