Lithium-ion can refer to a wide array of chemistries, however, it ultimately consists of a battery based on charge and discharge reactions from a lithiated metal oxide cathode and a graphite anode. Two of the more commonly used lithium-ion chemistries--Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) and Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)--are considered in detail here. Lithium-ion batteries are used in a variety of ways, from electric vehicles to residential batteries to grid-scale applications. 

Lithium-ion LFP

Lithium-ion NMC