Accessing groundwater may become more difficult—and more expensive—as groundwater supplies become increasingly scarce and underground aquifer levels fall.

PNNL study explored multiple factors that could impact future snowpack—a critical source of water for communities, irrigation and energy generation.

Researchers use models to represent relationships between climate and socio-economic processes, helping inform decisions for slowing climate change and enhancing resilience.

COMPASS points to understanding nature’s transition zones—areas that can be dry land at times and under water at others.

Understanding the Earth as a complex, dynamic system includes investigating what happens on, above and below its surface.