Multipass Optical Device and Process for Gas and Analyte Determination
The invention provides a means for obtaining a long-path-length absorption path for trace gas monitoring using a monlithic ring toric cavity. The ring toric cell provides a stable, modular method of constructing an absorption cell that is insensitive to shock and vibration, and can provide a long path length in a compact volume.
COLLECTION, RELEASE, AND DETECTION OF ANALYTES WITH POLYMER COMPOSITE SAMPLING MATERIALS
A unique fiber core sampler composition, related systems, and techniques for designing, making, and using the same are described. The sampler is used to interface with existing field instrumentation, such as Ion Mobility Spectrometer (IMS) equipment. Desired sampler characteristics include its: stiffness/flexibility; thermal mass and conductivity; specific heat; trace substance collection/release dependability, sensitivity and repeatability; thickness; reusability; durability; stability for thermal cleaning; and the like. In one form the sampler has a glass fiber core with a thickness less than 0.3 millimeter that is coated with a polymer including one or more of: polymeric organofluorine, polyimide, polyamide, PolyBenzlmidazole (PBI), PolyDiMethylSiloxane (PDMS), sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene (PFSA) and Poly(2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene Oxide) (PPPO). Multiple polymer coatings with the same or different polymer types may be included, core/substrate surface functionalization utilized, and/or the core/substrate may be at partially filled with thermally conductive particles.
Holographic Imaging Based on Time-Domain Data of Natural-Fiber Containing Materials
Microwave and millimeter-wave holographic imaging has been well developed at PNNL [1-12]. Near real time imaging systems using this technology have been developed using linear arrays of microwave/millimeter wave antennas that are sequentially switched electronically to allow high-speed sampling along the array axis. Mechanical scanning in a perpendicular direction to the array axis then completes the sampling of a two dimensional aperture of wideband holographic image data. This data can then be reconstructed using the wideband holographic imaging algorithm resulting in a focused image. The wideband holographic imaging technique is described in detail in [4]. A similar scanning technique can be employed in a cylindrical fashion using a linear array that is scanned over a circular path around the target to be imaged [3, 5, 7]. The invention described in this report, is concerned with a specific technique used to spatially scan, or sample, along the axis of the array that results in a reduction of the number of physical antenna elements needed by approximately one-half compared to established techniques.
Low Pressure Electrospray Ionization System and Process for Effective Transmission of Ions
Achieving high sensitivity in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is the key to effective analysis of complex biological sample. Every significant improvement in ESI-MS detection limit will enable applications otherwise impractical. Advances in ESI-MS sensitivity can also increase the dynamic range over which quantitative measurements can be performed. Currently, most sensitivity loss in ESI-MS is in the atmospheric pressure ESI interface region. The ion transmission through this interface is essentially limited by the small MS sampling inlet (typically 400 to 500 ƒÝm in diameter as required to maintain a good vacuum pressure in MS analyzer chamber) resulting in a
Ion manipulation device (iEdison NIH 0685901-13-0004.)
An ion manipulation method and device is disclosed. The device includes a pair of substantially parallel surfaces. An array of inner electrodes is contained within, and extends substantially along the length of, each parallel surface. The device includes a first outer array of electrodes and a second outer array of electrodes. Each outer array of electrodes is positioned on either side of the inner electrodes, and is contained within and extends substantially along the length of each parallel surface. A DC voltage is applied to the first and second outer array of electrodes. A RF voltage, with a superimposed electric field, is applied to the inner electrodes by applying the DC voltages to each electrode. Ions either move between the parallel surfaces within an ion confinement area or along paths in the direction of the electric field, or can be trapped in the ion confinement area.
Means of Introducing an Analyte into Liquid Sampling Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge
A liquid sampling, atmospheric pressure, glow discharge (LS-APGD) device as well as systems that incorporate the device and methods for using the device and systems are described. The LS-APGD includes a hollow capillary for delivering an electrolyte solution to a glow discharge space. The device also includes a counter electrode in the form of a second hollow capillary that can deliver the analyte into the glow discharge space. A voltage across the electrolyte solution and the counter electrode creates the microplasma within the glow discharge space that interacts with the analyte to move it to a higher energy state (vaporization, excitation, and/or ionization of the analyte).