METHOD FOR PREPARING LITHIUM PHOSPHATE SULFIDE SOLID ELECTROLYTES (iEdison No. 0685901-20-0032.)
The main object of the present invention is to provide a new and general wet-chemical synthesis method to prepare various Li2S and P2S5 based sulfide solid electrolytes (SSEs) materials with high Li+ conductivity for solid state Li batteries. This invention solves the large scale preparation issue of sulfide solid electrolyte materials with small size and high Li+ conductivity, and also present a general method to prepare a series of important sulfide solid electrolyte materials with such characteristics, such as Li3PS4, Li7P3S11 and Li7PS6.
Using Bi-Directional Communications in a Market-Based Resource Allocation System
Disclosed herein are representative embodiments of methods, apparatus, and systems for distributing a resource (such as electricity) using a resource allocation system. In one exemplary embodiment, a plurality of requests for electricity are received from a plurality of end-use consumers. The requests indicate a requested quantity of electricity and a consumer-requested index value indicative of a maximum price a respective end-use consumer will pay for the requested quantity of electricity. A plurality of offers for supplying electricity are received from a plurality of resource suppliers. The offers indicate an offered quantity of electricity and a supplier-requested index value indicative of a minimum price for which a respective supplier will produce the offered quantity of electricity. A dispatched index value is computed at which electricity is to be supplied based at least in part on the consumer-requested index values and the supplier-requested index values.
RECONFIGURATION OF POWER GRIDS DURING ABNORMAL CONDITIONS USING RECLOSERS AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES
Electric distribution systems around the world are witnessing an increasing number of utility-owned and customer-owned intelligent systems like reclosers, microgrids, distributed automation, solar photovoltaic generation, behind-the-meter energy storage, and electric vehicles being deployed. While these deployments provide potential data and control points, the existing centralized control architectures do not have the flexibility or the scalability to integrate the increasing number or variety of devices. An important element of managing distribution systems is its ability to reconfigure the network to maintain resiliency of critical end-use loads during extreme events. The optimization of network reconfiguration has been studied previously in the literature, however, these works have not included the additional flexibility available through the increasing adoption of distribute energy assets and the additional control capabilities available through distributed automation devices like recloser switches as well as the dynamics involved in using these devices. The invention formulates the reconfiguration problem as an optimization algorithm and handles complex constraints that include the legacy power flow, generating capacity, power demand, and network stability constraints. The optimization also incorporates the availability of flexible distributed energy resources and microgrid assets for increased system resiliency and accounts for the dynamic switching constraints introduced through the adoption of recloser switches in the network that allow for superior control and communications. Additionally, the optimization not only calculates the status of recloser switches but also the optimal sequence of switching operations for reconfiguration which is beneficial in a transactive market capable of leveraging customer-owned assets.
Jarosite for Lithium Extraction
Jarosite is used to extract lithium from aqueous solutions. Given the inherent magnetic properties of Jarosite coupled with Li adsorption capacity, we envision a simpler and economical way to extract Li from aqueous environments. Jarosite is a generic term for an isostructural family of compounds of form AM3(OH)6(SO4)2, (where A+= Na, K, Rb, NH4, H3O, Ag, T and M3+= Fe, Cr, V), in particular has demonstrated reasonable properties for Li-ion batteries and unique lithium inclusion behaviors. Often the product of acid mine drainage and acid sulfate soil environments, jarosite is mostly restricted to surficial, acidified environment. The crystal structure consists of octahedral sheets decorated by sulfate tetrahedra with the cations residing between the octahedral - tetrahedral layers. Bridging hydroxyls connect adjacent metal octahedra. Interestingly, in the octahedral sheets the M3+ions occupy nodes of a triangular lattice with specific magnetic properties. We synthesized and characterized ammonia jarosite with a chemical formula of (NH4)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6.Based on the ICP-OES data, the Jarosite material adsorbs ~30 mg of Li per gram of Jarosite after magnetic isolation in an aqueous environment at pH 10.
INTEGRATED REFUELING STATION (iEdison No. 0685901-15-0006)
A system comprising: (a) a liquid natural gas compression module having a compressed liquid natural gas conduit; (b) an active magnetic regenerative refrigerator H2 liquefier module; (c) at least one H2 gas source fluidly coupled to the active magnetic regenerative refrigerator H2 liquefier module via an H2 gas conduit; and (d) a heat exchanger that receives the compressed liquid natural gas conduit and the H2 gas conduit.