PNNL at the American Nuclear Society Winter Meeting 2023
PNNL experts at the ANS Winter Meeting and the Advances in Nuclear Nonproliferation Technology and Policy Conference will share fuel cycle research including disposal, storage, transportation, and consent-based siting.
Microfluidic Sample Injectors Absent Electrokinetic Injection
Microfluidic sample injection, which is based on a mechanical valve rather than electrokinetic injection into an integrated separation channel or a discrete separation column, can provide improved sample injections, enhanced capabilities, and can eliminate the need for changing the electric field in the separation channel to induce sample injection. An interface allowing the use of a discrete separation column easily allows for flexibility to utilize the microfluidic injector with existing analytical techniques. Multiple sample channels and/or sample sources can be utilized with the microfluidic sample injector.
Orthogonal Ion Injection Apparatus and Process
An orthogonal ion injection apparatus and process are described in which ions are directly injected into an ion guide orthogonal to the ion guide axis through an inlet opening located on a side of the ion guide. The end of the heated capillary is placed inside the ion guide such that the ions are directly injected into DC and RF fields inside the ion guide, which efficiently confines ions inside the ion guide. Liquid droplets created by the ionization source that are carried through the capillary into the ion guide are removed from the ion guide by a strong directional gas flow through an inlet opening on the opposite side of the ion guide. Strong DC and RF fields divert ions into the ion guide. In-guide orthogonal injection yields a noise level that is a factor of 1.5 to 2 lower than conventional inline injection known in the art. Signal intensities for low m/z ions are greater compared to convention inline injection under the same processing conditions..
Creating a Digital Twin for a Hydropower System through 3D Object Modeling: Alder Dam - FY2023
Downhole Fluid Injection Systems CO2 Sequestration Methods and Hydrocarbon Material Recovery Methods
A down borehole injection tool is described for injecting a microemulsion of liquid CO2 and H2O into a porous formation. The tool is capable of combining a variable ratio of H2O and CO2 into a microemulsion from two separate components: H2O and liquid CO2. The microemulsion is generated by shearing off microscopic droplets of liquid CO2 in a high pressure channel of H2O. The shearing action produces a homogenous dense stream of discrete droplets of liquid CO2 in H2O. The mixture is subsequently blended and transported from the injector by the high pressure water into the target formation. The injection tool is designed to accommodate an inlet for H2O and liquid CO2, which are typically stored above ground. Surface pumps are used to produce the required pressure for both the H2O and CO2. Once the H2O-CO2 microemulsion is generated, it exits the injection tool vertically in a radial pattern covering the length of the target formation. Inflatable packers are used to isolate the target formation in either an open borehole or a cased bore hole with perforated intervals.