Conservation voltage reduction (CVR) uses voltage
control to reduce customer power demand and help improve the
operational efficiency of the electric power distribution system.
With the advent of advanced distribution management systems
(ADMS), the underlying data and control-rich platform can be
utilized to enable a centralized Volt-VAR optimization (VVO)
scheme that includes smart inverter controls along with legacy
voltage control devices such as voltage regulators and capacitor
banks to ensure a maximum CVR benefit. The objective of
this paper to present a VVO approach that controls system’s
legacy voltage control devices and coordinates their operation
with smart inverter control. An optimal power flow (OPF)
formulation is proposed by developing linear and nonlinear
power flow approximations for a three-phase unbalanced electric
power distribution system. A bi-level VVO approach is proposed
where, Level-1 optimizes the control of legacy devices and
smart inverters using a linear approximate three-phase power
flow. In Level-2, the control parameters for smart inverters are
adjusted to obtain an optimal and feasible solution by solving
the approximate nonlinear OPF model. Level-1 is modeled as
a Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) while Level-2 as a
Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Program (QCQP). The
proposed approach is validated using IEEE test cases and
the results demonstrate the applicability of the framework in
achieving the CVR objective.
Revised: September 24, 2019 |
Published: May 1, 2019
Citation
Jha R., A. Dubey, C. Liu, and K.P. Schneider. 2019.Bi-Level Volt-VAR Optimization to Coordinate Smart Inverters with Voltage Control Devices.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 34, no. 3:1801-1813.PNNL-SA-132043.doi:10.1109/TPWRS.2018.2890613