Identification of nuclear events (Hayes et al. 1999; Ringbom et al. 2003; Le Petit et al. 2008; Prelovskii et al. 2007) rely on accurate measurement of radioxenon releases (Arthur et al. 2001; Auer et al. 2010; Bowyer et al. 1998; Bowyer et al. 2000; Bowyer et al. 2006; Bowyer et al. 2009; Bowyer et al. 2011; Le Petit et al. 2006; McIntyre et al. 2001; Ringbom 2005; Saey 2009; Saey et al. 2013). Measurement of radioxenon relies on accurately knowing the detection efficiency for each isotope.
Four xenon isotopes are of interest: 135Xe, 133Xe, 133mXe, and 131mXe. Each isotope has a unique signature; however, there is overlap between each signature. A series of ratio terms, called interference ratios, helps account for the challenges created by the overlap. The ratio and detection efficiency terms are all determined during the initial detector calibration. Additional spectra are needed for a complete calibration: the radon daughter 214Pb/214Bi, the detector background, and the 137Cs quality control (QC) (see Figure 1.1 for spectra not including QC [Reeder et al. 2004]).
Revised: January 21, 2020 |
Published: January 23, 2019
Citation
Cooper M.W., J. Ely, J.C. Hayes, M.F. Mayer, J.I. McIntyre, and J.L. Slack. 2019.Beta-Gamma Absolute Calibration Rev. 1 Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.