Port Microgrids
The U.S. Department of Energy’s defines a microgrid as “a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode.’’ [2] Microgrids typically contain distributed energy resources, energy storage, distribution infrastructure, and a microgrid controller.

With the electrification of maritime ports, the potential (and need) to form microgrids at a port becomes significant. Intermittent disruptions from the bulk power system can interrupt the power supply to the electrified port, resulting in an impact to port operations. Microgrids not only enable a backup source of power for critical facilities, but they can also be used to keep operations running during shorter outages or enable a limited set for disaster recovery. In certain power markets and infrastructure scenarios, microgrids may also be a way to either save feeder upgrade or increased demand charges, or possibly even sell services back to the bulk power system. The Port Electrification Handbook describes different types of microgrids, including independent microgrids (see Figure 1) and more complex community and networked microgrid designs. It also discusses key planning considerations for microgrids and how to assess their potential value through technoeconomic analysis.
[2] Definition developed by the Microgrid Exchange Group, which is comprised of an ad hoc group of individuals working on microgrid deployment and research.[source]