Framework for substation microgrids to mitigate public safety power shutoffs. The framework comprises eight essential elements: (1) a 10-year historical lookback analysis; (2) emissions performance standards; (3) technology market development standards; (4) an alternatives analysis; (5) a procurement strategy; (6) a rate architecture and cost allocation methodology; (7) demand response measures; and (8) community engagement and access measures.

Xcel Energy's peak flex credit pilot, approved by the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission (PUC) in March 2022, enables aggregated retail demand response to participate in Midcontinent Independent System Operator's (MISO's) wholesale market. The 86 MW program is split between utility-enrolled and third-party aggregator customers. Aggregators must enroll at least 100 kW of C&I load and execute an agreement with Xcel. Participants earn bill credits for reducing load during peak events. The program aligns with FERC Order 2222 and MISO protocols, with utility oversight and cost recovery through existing demand response budgets.

Describes how Hawaiian Electric uses a suite of modeling tools to identify near-term quantity and timing of grid needs and evaluate potential solutions.

This report, written to assist the Arkansas Public Service Commission, discusses the regulatory considerations for allowing third-party aggregators to participate in energy markets. It emphasizes the importance of establishing a code of conduct to ensure fair competition between utilities and aggregators, protect consumer interests, and create a robust market environment.

A framework for integrating grid edge resources focused on establishing defined retail energy and distribution grid services, including rate design such as the implementation of time-of-use rates to incentivize customers to align energy consumption with grid needs; grid edge resource programs that compensat customers for energy exports and grid services, like the introduction of the smart grid edge resource tariff and bring-your-own-device tariff; and streamlining interconnection processes and updating technical standards to facilitate grid edge resource participation.

A utility-filed document in a Missouri Public Service Commission working case, detailing how retail rules and utility practices may need to adapt for grid edge resource aggregations. Ameren Missouri’s response emphasizes validation and compliance checks at the distribution level before grid edge resources can participate in wholesale markets. It raises consumer protection issues (e.g., requiring grid edge resource aggregators to register with the state and adhere to marketing standards to prevent fraud) . It discusses the need for enhanced metering and telemetry so that when a customer’s behind-the-meter resource provides wholesale services, the utility can measure those injections separately—ensuring retail billing credits (like net metering) and wholesale payments don’t overlap or double count the same energy . The filing also notes potential distribution infrastructure upgrades and operating procedures to maintain safety/reliability with aggregated grid edge resource dispatch (for instance, communication protocols for outage coordination and mechanisms for the utility to override or constrain aggregator dispatch for local grid safety). Overall, it outlines how the PSC should develop rules on interconnection, data sharing, dual participation, and dispute resolution between aggregators and utilities.

Pacific Gas and Electric advice letter seeking approval for and describing the proposed implementation of the company's Remote Grid program.

Provide recommended practices for TPs and PCs to establish effective modeling data and verification requirements for aggregate Grid Edge Resource models. This ensures accurate representation of grid edge resources in planning assessments, facilitating reliable integration into the bulk power system.

The Rhode Island System Reliability Procurement program establishes compensation structures that incentivize third-party providers to deliver resilience services. Grid edge resource owners receive performance-based incentives for resilience services, such as load reduction, frequency regulation, and islanding support.

Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities initiated Docket 20-75 in 2020 to explore compensation mechanisms for resilience services provided by grid edge resources. This investigation supports the implementation of the peak energy standard, aiming to incentivize alternative energy technologies during peak demand periods. The docket focuses on planning, cost allocation for grid edge resource interconnection, and resilience value.

NWA Opportunity Evaluation Methodology

Directs the Commission to develop a methodology for evaluating the costs and benefits of using grid edge resources for NWA.

The New York PSC established a standardized aggregator code of conduct to ensure fair, transparent grid edge resource markets. It sets uniform rules for marketing, data sharing, and customer protections—prohibiting deceptive practices, defining rights and responsibilities, and requiring standardized disclosures and utility coordination to support oversight and ethical aggregator operations.

As part of broader direction from the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission on aspects related to integrated distribution planning, this order outlines non-wires alternatives analysis that Xcel Energy should perform.

This report discusses the technical considerations for integrating grid edge resources into the bulk power system. It addresses the importance of communication capabilities, standardized interconnection agreements, and the adoption of advanced inverter functionalities as specified in IEEE 1547-2018. The document provides guidance on verifying grid edge resource technical characteristics and capabilities during the registration process to maintain grid reliability.

The California Public Utilities Commission issued a decision establishing 11 rules to govern how energy storage grid edge resources can "stack" multiple services across the distribution system and wholesale market. The goal was to enable storage to realize full economic value by providing services in different "domains" (customer, distribution, transmission, wholesale) while maintaining reliability. For example, a battery on the distribution grid may also provide resource adequacy and California Independent System Operator wholesale market services. The rules prioritize reliability over other uses and ensure no conflicting obligations or double payments for the same service. This ruling effectively set the framework for DER aggregators to offer distribution-level services and participate in wholesale markets under clear conditions.