August 31, 2018
Feature

A Hydrological Emulator for Global Applications

New open-source software mimics complex global hydrological models with extraordinary computational efficiency.

river basins

Researchers tested a new hydrological emulator against model simulations of global runoff from river basins worldwide. 

The Science

Scientists use global hydrological models and Earth system models to explore future water resource scenarios. The computational requirements for these complex models can be prohibitive.

To overcome this challenge, researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory developed an efficient, open-source, ready-to-use hydrological emulator that mimics complex global hydrologic models and Earth system models. In simulations of global runoff, the emulator achieved computational efficiency seven orders of magnitude higher than the widely used Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model.

The Impact

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This open-source hydrologic emulator provides researchers with an easy way to examine the variations in future water budgets and hydrologic conditions under numerous scenarios with little effort, reasonable model predictability, and enormous computational gain. The new tool can be used to mimic Earth system models and global hydrological models, and to represent the water supply component in integrated human-Earth system models. It can also support research related to deep uncertainty analysis.

Summary

Modeling hydrologic systems over the entire globe requires considerable computer memory and time. An emulator can be used when less detail is needed for the purpose, using fewer computer resources. Its less complex structure also requires fewer inputs, which saves users time.

The researchers created an open-source emulator with distributed and lumped schemes, which do and do not, respectively, account for spatial variation within a river basin. Then they used the detailed and commonly used VIC model to simulate global runoff from 1971 to 2010 in the world's 235 river basins. Results from the emulator were comparable in annual total quantity, spatial pattern, and temporal variation of the major water fluxes (e.g., total runoff, evapotranspiration). The lumped scheme was 100 times more computationally efficient than the distributed scheme, and 10 million times more efficient than the detailed VIC model.

The lumped scheme is reasonable for broad practical use, and the distributed scheme is an efficient alternative if spatial variation is to be included.

 

Reference: Y. Liu, M.I. Hejazi, H. Li, X. Zhang, G. Leng, "A Hydrological Emulator for Global Applications - HE v1.0.0." Geoscientific Model Development 11, 1077-1092 (2018). [DOI: 10.5194/gmd-11-1077-2018]

Key Capabilities

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About PNNL

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory draws on its distinguishing strengths in chemistry, Earth sciences, biology and data science to advance scientific knowledge and address challenges in sustainable energy and national security. Founded in 1965, PNNL is operated by Battelle for the Department of Energy’s Office of Science, which is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States. DOE’s Office of Science is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit https://www.energy.gov/science/. For more information on PNNL, visit PNNL's News Center. Follow us on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram.

Published: August 31, 2018

Research Team

Yaling Liu, PNNL (Joint Global Change Research Institute)/Columbia University
Mohamad Hejazi, Xuesong Zhang, and Guoyong Leng, PNNL (JGCRI)
Hongyi Li, Montana State University