This paper introduces a Production Cost Modeling (PCM) approach to evaluate the benefits of intra-hour scheduling between Balancing Authorities (BAs). The system operation is modeled in a three-stage sequential manner: day ahead (DA)-hour ahead (HA)-real time (RT). In addition to contingency reserve, each BA will need to carry out “up” and “down” load following and regulation reserve capacity requirements in the DA and HA time frames. In the real-time simulation, only contingency and regulation reserves are carried out as load following is deployed. To model current real-time operation with hourly schedules, a new constraint was introduced to force each BA net exchange schedule deviation from HA schedules to be within NERC ACE limits. Case studies that investigate the benefits of moving from hourly exchange schedules between WECC BAs into 10-min exchange schedules under two different levels of wind and solar penetration (11% and 33%) are presented.
Revised: October 13, 2015 |
Published: July 30, 2015
Citation
Samaan N.A., M. Milligan, M. Hunsaker, and T. Guo. 2015.Three-Stage Production Cost Modeling Approach for Evaluating the Benefits of Intra-Hour Scheduling between Balancing Authorities. In IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, July 26-30, 2015, Denver, Colorado, 1-5. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE.PNNL-SA-106994.doi:10.1109/PESGM.2015.7286647