This article identifies and describes five alternative cooling technologies (magnetic, thermionic, thermoacoustic, thermoelectric, and thermotunnel) and qualitatively assesses the prospects of each technology relative to vapor compression for space cooling and food refrigeration applications. Assessment of the alternatives was based on the theoretical maximum % of Carnot efficiency, the current state of development, the best % of Carnot efficiency currently achieved, developmental barriers, and the extent of development activity. The prospect for each alternative was assigned an overall qualitative rating based on the subjective, composite view of the five characteristics.
Revised: April 10, 2013 |
Published: December 1, 2012
Citation
Brown D.R., T.E. Stout, J.A. Dirks, and N. Fernandez. 2012.The Prospects of Alternatives to Vapor Compression Technology for Space Cooling and Food Refrigeration Applications.Energy Engineering 109, no. 6:7-20.PNNL-SA-78262.