Uncertainties in forecasting the output of intermittent resources such as wind and solar generation, as well as system loads are not adequately reflected in existing industry-grade tools used for transmission system management, generation commitment, dispatch and market operation. There are other sources of uncertainty such as uninstructed deviations of conventional generators from their dispatch set points, generator forced outages and failures to start up, load drops, losses of major transmission facilities and frequency variation. These uncertainties can cause deviations from the system balance, which sometimes require inefficient and costly last minute solutions in the near real-time timeframe. This Chapter considers sources of uncertainty and variability, overall system uncertainty model, a possible plan for transition from deterministic to probabilistic methods in planning and operations, and two examples of uncertainty-based fools for grid operations.This chapter is based on work conducted at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
Revised: September 25, 2014 |
Published: July 9, 2014
Citation
Makarov Y.V., P.V. Etingov, and J. Ma. 2014.Incorporating Forecast Uncertainty in Utility Control Center. In Renewable Energy Integration: Practical Management of Variability, Uncertainty & Flexibility in Power Grids, edited by LE Jones. 159-171. San Diego, California:Academic Press.PNNL-SA-99925.