PNNL

Abstract

Cobalt (Co)-free ultrahigh-nickel (Ni) layered oxides exhibit a double-edged competitive advantages in reducing the cathode cost and boosting the energy density, promising the sustainable development of batteries for electric vehicles. However, the increased Ni content, resultantly more highly oxidative Ni4+, potentially induces severe capacity fading due to the aggravated side reactions, limiting the practical applications. Here, we evaluate the compatibility of two localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) with LiNi0.96Mg0.02Ti0.02O2 (NMT) cathode under a high charging voltage of 4.4 V in lithium ion batteries. The LHCE with EC additive enables the formation of stable interfacial layers on both NMT cathode and graphite anode, thus realizing a capacity retention of 97.2% over 200 cycles at 25 °C and high reversible capacities of ~180.2 and ~185.8 mAh g-1, respectively, at 5C charge rate and 5C discharge rate. This study offers a promising approach to enable Co-free ultrahigh-Ni layered oxides for practical applications.