PNNL

Abstract

Pristine and cycled layered structure cathode of Li[Li0.2Ni0.2M0.6]O2 samples are characterized by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. These analyses provide new insights on capacity/voltage fading mechanism of Li[Li0.2Ni0.2M0.6]O2. Sponge-like structure and fragment pieces were found on the surface of cathode after cycling. Mn2+ species and reduced Li content in the fragments caused significant capacity loss. These results also reveal the functional mechanism of surface coatings, e.g. AlF3, which can protect the electrode from etching by acidic species in the electrolyte, suppress cathode degradation and improve long-term cycling stability.