The caged cyclic nitramine 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) is a new explosive that has the potential to replace existing military explosives, but little is known about its environmental toxicity, transport, and fate. We quantified and compared the aerobic environmental fate of CL-20 to the widely used cyclic nitramine explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in surface and subsurface soil microcosms. Soil-free controls and biologically mediated processes. Both abiotic and biological processes significantly degraded CL-20 in all soils examined. Apparent abiotic, first-order degradation rates (k) for CL-20 were not significantly different between soil-free controls (0.018
Revised: July 13, 2007 |
Published: November 1, 2005
Citation
Crocker F.H., K.T. Thompson, J.E. Szecsody, and H.L. Fredrickson. 2005.Biotic and Abiotic Degradation of CL-20 and RDX in Soils.Journal of Environmental Quality 34, no. 6:2208-2216.PNNL-SA-48016.doi:10.2134/jeq2005.0032