Physicist
Physicist

Biography

Hari Harilal is the chief scientist in the National Security Directorate at the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory located in Washington state. He has more than 25 years of experience in laser-plasma interaction, plasma-material interaction, plasma diagnostics, plasma chemistry, plasma and fireball spectroscopy (absorption, emission, fluorescence), plasma sources for lithography and microscopy, and materials under extreme environments. 

In 1998, Hari received a PhD in plasma physics from Cochin University of Science and Technology, India. He was an Alexander Humboldt fellow with the eminent plasma physicist,  Professor Hans-Joachim Kunze at Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany 1999–2001.

Before joining PNNL in 2014, he worked as an associate professor at the School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, Indiana (2008–2014) and was a member of the fusion group at the University of California San Diego, California (2001–2007). Hari also holds an affiliate research professor position at the Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington. He held the Science Foundation of Ireland visiting fellow position at University College Dublin, Ireland (2007–2010) and was a visiting scientist at the Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois (2007).

Hari is a recipient of numerous prestigious awards, which include the Alexander von Humboldt fellowship (Germany), Stokes lectureship award (Ireland), CSIR junior and senior research fellowships (India), Paul C. Zmola Faculty Scholar of Nuclear Engineering Award (Purdue University) and excellence in research awards from PNNL and Purdue University. He has authored over 200 peer-reviewed publications and five book chapters. He is a fellow of Optical Society of America (now Optica), associate editor of Optics Express, and guest editor of IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science.

Disciplines and Skills

  • Laser and plasma spectroscopy
  • Laser ablation
  • Actinide and fireball chemistry
  • Plasma diagnostics
  • Material under extreme environment

Education

  • Postdoctoral, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany, 1999-2001
  • PhD (Physics), Cochin University of Science and Technology, 1998
  • MSc (Physics), University of Kerala, 1992
  • BSc (Physics), University of Kerala, 1989

Affiliations and Professional Service

  • Research Professor, Washington State University, Pullman (joint appointment)
  • Fellow, SPIE – the International Society for Optics and Photonics
  • Fellow, Optical Society of America
  • Associate Editor, Spectrochimica Acta B: Atomic Spectroscopy (2024 onwards)
  • Associate Editor, Optics Express (2022 onwards)
  • Topical Editor, Optics Letters (2016-2022)
  • Guest Editor: IEEE Transactions of Plasma Science
  • Conference Chair: 2022 International conference on Plasma Science, Seattle WA
  • Senior Member: IEEE and SPIE

Awards and Recognitions

  • Fellow of SPIE, the International Society of Optics and Photonics (2024)
  • IEEE NPSS Award for Exceptional Service to the Plasma Science and Applications Community (2022)
  • PNNL Director’s Award for Exceptional Scientific Achievement (2021)
  • NNSA MTV Consortium lab scientist fellowship (2020)
  • PNNL NSD OTY Author of the Year award (2018)
  • Fellow, Optical Society of America (2018)
  • PNNL Research Excellence award (2018)
  • NNSA CVT Consortium lab scientist fellowship (2018)
  • PNNL’s top FY2017 DNN R&D highlight (2017)
  • Senior member, Optical Society of America (2015)
  • PNNL Applied Physics Core Value Award (2015)
  • Senior member, IEEE (2014)
  • Excellence in Research Award, Purdue University (2013)
  • Paul C. Zmola Faculty Scholar of Nuclear Engineering Award, Purdue University (2010)
  • Science Foundation of Ireland visiting Fellow (2007-2010)
  • Stokes Lectureship, Science Foundation of Ireland (2008)
  • Alexander Humboldt Fellowship Award, Germany (1998)
  • CSIR Junior and Senior research Fellowships, India (1994)

Publications

Google Scholar Link

2024

  • Jans, E. R., Casey, T., Marshall, G., Murzyn, C. M., Harilal, S. S., McDonald, B. S., & Harrison, R. (2024). Spectral analysis and kinetic modeling of radioluminescence in air and nitrogen. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 26, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CP06198A
  • Harilal, S. S., Shaik, A. K., , & Kautz, E. J., Devaraj, A.,  Casella, A., Senor, D. . (2024). Detection of tritium using ultrafast laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 39, 699-703. (Featured article with Cover art)  https://doi.org/10.1039/D3JA00439B
  • Polek, M. P., Phillips, M. C., Beg, F. N., & Harilal, S. S. (2024). Time-resolved temperature measurement of laser-produced plasma by combining emission and laser absorption spectroscopy. AIP advances, 14, 025043. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0190522
  • McCauley, J., Phillips, M. C., Weeks, R. R. D., Zhang, Y., Harilal, S. S., & Jones, R. J. (2024). Dual-Comb Spectroscopy in the Deep Ultraviolet. Optica, 11(4), 460-463. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.516851

2023

  • Kautz, E. J., Zelenyuk, A., Gwalani, B., Olszta, M. J., Phillips, M. C., Manard, M. J., Kimblin, C. W., Harilal, S. S. (2023). Impact of environmental oxygen on formation and agglomeration in aluminum laser ablation plumes. Journal of Chemical Physics 159(17), 174303. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0167400
  • Polek, M,, Kautz E. J., Ahmed T., Kowash B., Beg F. N., Harilal S. S. (2023) Experimental and theoretical comparison of ion properties from nanosecond laser-produced plasmas of metal targets (Featured article with coverart). Journal of Applied Physics  133, 203301. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0146428
  • Phillips M. C., Kautz E. J., Harilal S. S. (2023) Comparison of excitation and kinetic temperatures in a laser-produced plasma using absorption spectroscopy. Optics Letters  48, 1942-1945. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.487910
  • Kautz E. J., Phillips M. C., Harilal S. S. (2023) Tantalum oxide and nitride spectral features from a laser-produced plasma. Spectrochimica Aca B  203, 106659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2023.106659
  • Kautz E. J., Phillips M. C., Diwakar P. K., Zelenyuk A., Harilal S. S. (2023) Comparing the kinetics of ionized and neutral atoms from single and multi-element laser-produced plasmas. Physics of Plasmas  30, 052106. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0146958
  • Kautz E. J., Xu, A.., Harilal, A. V., Polek, M. P., Casella, A., Senor, D., Harilal, S. S. (2023) Influence of ambient gas on self-reversal in Li I transitions relevant to isotopic analysis. Optics Express  31, 3549-3564. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.477990
  • Huang Y., Harilal S. S., Bais A., Hussein A.E. (2023) Progress towards machine learning methodologies for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with an emphasis on soil analysis (Invited article). IEEE transactions on plasma science,  51,  1729–1749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2022.3231985
  • Harilal SS, Shumlak U, Little J (2023) Guest Editorial Special Issue on Plenary, Invited, and Tutorial Papers From ICOPS 2022. IEEE transactions on plasma science  51, 943-943. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2023.3264335

2022

  • Harilal, S. S., Phillips, M. C., Froula, D., Anoop, K. K., Issac, R. C., and Beg, F. N. (2022),  Optical Diagnostics of laser-produced plasmas,   Reviews of Modern Physics 94, 035002. https://doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.94.035002
  • Kautz, E. J., Phillips, M. C., Zelenyuk, A., and Harilal, S. S. (2022), Oxidation in laser generated metal plumes (Editor’s pick), Physics of Plasmas 29, 053509.  https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0090155
  • Rhoades, R. T., Weeks, R. R. D., Erickson, S. C., Lecaplain, C., Harilal, S. S., Phillips, M. C., and Jones, R. J. (2022) Dual-comb absorption spectroscopy of molecular CeO in a laser-produced plasma (Editor’s pick), Optics Letters 47, 2502-2505. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.455237
  • Weeks, R. R. D., Zhang, Y., Harilal, S. S., Phillips, M. C., and Jones, R. J. (2022), Multi-species temperature and number density analysis of a laser-produced plasma using dual-comb spectroscopy, Journal of Applied Physics 131, 223103. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.455237
  • Harilal, S. S., Kautz, E. J., and Phillips, M. C. (2022), Spatiotemporal evolution of emission and absorption signatures in a laser-produced plasma (Editor’s pick),  Journal of Applied Physics 131, 063101. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0081597
  • Kautz, E. J., Lampbeets, S. V., Reeve, J., Perara, D. J., Harilal, S. S., and Devaraj, A. (2022), Compositional partitioning during early stages of oxidation of a uranium-molybdenum alloy, Scripta Materialia 212, 114528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2022.114528
  • Kautz, E. J., Zelenyuk, A., Phillips, M. C., Gwalani, B., Harilal, S. S. (2022), Gas-phase oxidation and nanoparticle formation in multi-element laser ablation plumes, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 24, 26583. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP02437C

2021

  • Kautz, E. J., Weerakudy, E., Finko, M., Currelie, D., Koroglu, B, Rose, T. P.,  Weisz, D. G., Crowhurst, J. C., Radousky, H. B., DeMagistris, M.,  Sinha, N., Levin, D. A., Dreizin, E. L., Phillips, M. C., Glumac, N. , and Harilal, S. S.,  Optical Spectroscopy and Modeling of Uranium Gas-Phase Oxidation: Progress and Perspectives (Invited review), Spectrochimica Acta B  185, 106283. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2021.106283.
  • Weeks, R. R. D., Phillips, M. C., Zhang, Y., Harilal, S. S. and Jones, R. J.,  Measurement of Gd I Oscillator Strengths Using Dual-Comb Absorption Spectroscopy in Laser-Produced Plasma, Spectrochimica Acta B 181,  106199.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2021.106199
  • Kautz, E.  J., Senor, D. J., and Harilal, S.S., The Interplay between Laser Focusing Conditions, Expansion Dynamics, Ablation Mechanisms, and Emission Intensity in Ultrafast Laser-Produced Plasmas (Featured article with cover page highlight),  Journal of Applied Physics 130 (20), 204901. https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0069732
  • Harilal, S. S., Kautz, E. J., Phillips, M. C., (2021) Time-resolved absorption spectroscopic characterization of ultrafast laser-produced plasmas under varying background pressures. Physical Review E 103 (1) 013213. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.103.013213
  • Burger, M., Finney, L. A., Garrett, L., Harilal, S. S., Hartig, K. C., Nees, J., Skrodzki, P. J., Xiao, X., Jovanovic, I. (2021) Laser ablation spectrometry for studies of uranium plasmas, reactor monitoring, and spent fuel safety. Spectrochimica Acta Part B 179, 106095.    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2021.106095
  • Kautz, E. J., Phillips, M. C., and Harilal S. S., Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Filament-Produced Plasmas (Editor’s pick).  Journal of Applied Physics 130 (20) 203302.  https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0065240
  • Kautz, E. J., Ronnebro, E., Devaraj, A. Senor, D., and Harilal S. S., Detection of Hydrogen Isotopes in Zircaloy-4 Via Femtosecond LIBS, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 36, 1217. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1JA00034A
  • LaHaye, N. L., Harilal, S. S., Phillips, M. C. (2021) Early- and late-time dynamics of laser-produced plasmas by combining emission and absorption spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acta Part B 179, 106096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2021.106096
  • Harilal, S. S., Murzyn, C. M., Kautz, E. J., Edwards, M. K., Sinkov, S. I., Bisson, S. S., Martin, J. B. (2021) Spectral Dynamics and Gas-phase Oxidation of Laser-produced Plutonium Plasmas, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 36 (1), 150- 156. http://doi.org/10.1039/d0ja00416b
  • Harilal, S. S., Kautz, E. J., Jones, R. J., Phillips, M. C., (2021) Spectro-temporal comparisons of optical emission, absorption, and laser-induced fluorescence for characterizing ns and fs laser-produced plasmas,  Plasma Sources Science and Technology 30, 045007  https://doi.org/10.1088/1361- 6595/abefa5
  • Kautz, E. J., Devaraj, A., Senor, D., Harilal, S. S., (2021) Hydrogen isotopic analysis of nuclear reactor materials using ultrafast laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (Editor’s pick). Optics Express 29, 4936- 4946   https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.412351
  • Yu, Z., Weeks, R. R. D., Lecaplain, C., Harilal, S. S., Yeak, J., Phillips, M. C., Jones, R. J. (2021) Burst-mode dual-comb spectroscopy. Optics Letters 46 (4), 860-864. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.416668

2020

  • Harilal, S. S., Murzyn, C. M., Phillips, M. C., & Martin, J. B. (2020), Hyperfine structures and isotopic shifts of uranium transitions using tunable laser spectroscopy of laser ablation plumes, Spectrochimica Acta B, 169, 105828.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2020.105828
  • Kautz, E. J., Phillips, M. C., Harilal, S. S. (2020) Unraveling spatio-temporal chemistry evolution in laser ablation plumes and its relation to initial plasma conditions, Analytical  Chemistry  92 (20), 13839 -13846. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02477
  • Kautz, E. J., Yeak, J., Bernacki, B. E., Phillips, M. C., & Harilal, S. S. (2020). The role of ambient gas confinement, plasma chemistry, and focusing conditions on emission features of femtosecond laser-produced plasmas (Featured article with cover art),  Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 35(8), 1574-1586.  https://doi.org/10.1039/D0JA00111B
  • Phillips, M. C., Harilal, S. S., Yeak, J., Jones, R. J., Wharton, S., Bernacki, B. E. (2020), Standoff detection of chemical plumes from high explosive open detonations using a swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser. J. Appl. Phys. 128 (16) 163103. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0023228
  • Harilal, S. S., Diwakar, P. K., & Miloshevsky, G. (2020). Ultrafast and filament LIBS. In J. P. Singh & S. N. Thakur (Eds.), Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, Chapter 6, 139-166 (Elsevier,  Amsterdam)  https://doi.org/110.1016/B1978-1010-1012-818829-818823.800006-X
  • Kautz, E. J., Yeak, J., Bernacki, B. E., Phillips, M. C., & Harilal, S. S. (2020a). Expansion dynamics and chemistry evolution in ultrafast laser filament produced plasmas, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 21, 16161-16169.  https://doi.org/10.1039/C9CP02250C
  • Phillips, M. C., Bernacki, B. E., Harilal, S. S., Yeak, J., & Jones, R. J. (2020). Standoff chemical plume detection in turbulent atmospheric conditions with a swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser, Optics Express, 28(5), 7408-7424.  https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.385850

2019

  • Burger, M., Skrodzki, P. J., Jovanovic, I., Phillips, M. C., & Harilal, S. S. (2019). Laser-produced uranium plasma characterization and Stark broadening measurements. Physics of Plasmas, 26, 093103. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5099643
  • Finney, L. A., Skrodzki, P. J., Burger, M., Nees, J., Harilal, S. S., & Jovanovic, I. (2019). Single-shot, multi-signature remote detection of uranium by filament-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Optics Letters, 44(11), 2783. doi:https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.44.002783
  • Harilal, S. S., Kautz, E. J., Bernacki, B. E., Phillips, M. C., Skrodzki, P., Burger, M., & Jovanovic, I. (2019). The physical conditions for UO formation in laser-produced uranium plumes Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 21, 16161. doi:https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp02250c
  • Kautz, E. J., Skrodzki, P., Burger, M., Jovanovic, I., Bernacki, B. E., Phillips, M. C., & Harilal, S. S. (2019). Time-resolved imaging of atoms and molecules in laser-produced uranium plasmas. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 34, 2236-2243. doi:https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ja00228f
  • Phillips, M. C., Bernacki, B. E., Harilal, S. S., Brumfield, B. E., Schwallier, J. M., & Glumac, N. G. (2019). Characterization of High-Explosive Detonations using Broadband Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Journal of Applied Physics, 126, 093102. doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5107508
  • Skrodzki, P. J., Burger, M., Jovanovic, I., Phillips, M. C., Brumfield, B. E., Yeak, J., & Harilal, S. S. (2019). Plume dynamics and gas-phase molecular formation in transient laser-produced U plasmas. Physics of Plasmas, 26, 083508. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5087704
  • Zhang, Y., Lecaplain, C., Weeks, R. R. D., Yeak, J., Harilal, S. S., Phillips, M. C., & Jones, R. J. (2019). Time-Resolved Dual-Comb Measurement of Number Density and Temperature in a Laser-Induced Plasma. Optics Letters, 44(14), 3458. doi:https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.44.003458

2018

  • Anoop, K. K., Verma, N., Joy, N., Harilal, S. S., & Philip, R. (2018). Enhancement of optical emission and ion currents in a laser produced silicon plasma by femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structuring. Physics of Plasmas, 25(6), 063304. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038913
  • Bergevin, J., Wu, T.-H., Yeak, J., Brumfield, B. E., Harilal, S. S., Phillips, M. C., & Jones, R. J. (2018). Dual-Comb Spectroscopy of Laser-Induced Plasmas. Nature Communications, 9, 1273. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03703-0
  • Harilal, S. S., Brumfield, B. E., Glumac, N. G., & Phillips, M. C. (2018). Elucidating uranium monoxide spectral features from a laser-produced plasma. Optics Express, 26(16), 20319. doi:https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.020319
  • Harilal, S. S., Brumfield, B. E., LaHaye, N. L., Hartig, K. C., & Phillips, M. C. (2018). Optical spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas for standoff isotopic analysis. Applied Physics Reviews, 5(2), 021301. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5016053
  • Harilal, S. S., Brumfield, B. E., & Phillips, M. C. (2018a). An evaluation of equilibrium conditions and temperature-dependent speciation in a laser-produced air plasma. Physics of Plasmas, 25(8), 083303. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5041987
  • Harilal, S. S., Brumfield, B. E., & Phillips, M. C. (2018b). Standoff analysis of laser-produced plasmas using laser-induced fluorescence. Optics Letters, 43(5), 1055-1058. doi:https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.43.001055
  • Phillips, M. C., Brumfield, B. E., & Harilal, S. S. (2018). Real-time standoff detection of nitrogen isotopes in ammonia plumes using a swept external cavity quantum cascade laser. Optics Letters, 43(17), 4065. doi:http://doi.org/10.1364/ol.43.004065

2017

  • Harilal, S. S., LaHaye, N. L., & Phillips, M. C. (2017). High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Laser Ablation Plumes Using Laser-Induced Fluorescence. Optics Express, 25 ( 3), 2312. doi:10.1364/OE.25.002312
  • Harilal, S. S., Skordzki, P., Miloshevsky, A., Brumfield, B., Phillips, M. C., & Miloshevsky, G. (2017). On- and Off-axis spectral emission features from laser-produced gas breakdown plasmas  Physics of Plasmas, 24(06), 063304. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4985678
  • Hartig, K., Brumfield, B., Phillips, M. C., & Harilal, S. S. (2017). Impact of oxygen chemistry on the emission and fluorescence spectroscopy of laser ablation. Spectrochimica Acta Part B-Atomic Spectroscopy, 135, 54-62. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2017.07.002
  • Hartig, K., Harilal, S. S., phillips, M. C., Brumfield, B. E., & Jovanovic, I. (2017). Evolution of uranium monoxide in femtosecond laser-induced plasmas Optics Express, 25 (10), 11477-11490. doi:https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.011477
  • Miloshevsky, A., Phillips, M. C., Harilal, S. S., Dressman, P., & Miloshevsky, G. (2017). Generation of nanoparticles by ultrafast laser ablation of Al: molecular dynamics study. Physical Review Materials, 1, 063602. doi:DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.063602
  • Phillips, M. C., Brumfield, B. E., LaHaye, N. L., Harilal, S. S., Hartig, K. C., & Jovanovic, I. (2017). Two-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy of uranium isotopes in femtosecond laser ablation plumes. Scientific Reports, 7, 3784. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03865-9

2016

  • Al-Shboul, K. F., Hassan, S. M., & Harilal, S. S. (2016). Carbon dimer formation in the stagnation region of colliding laser-produced plasmas Plasma Sources Science & Technology, 25, 065017. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/25/6/065017
  • Anoop, K. K., Harilal, S. S., Philip, R., Bruzzese, R., & Amoruso, S. (2016). Laser fluence dependence on emission dynamics of ultrafast laser induced copper plasma. Journal of Applied Physics, 120(18), 185901. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4967313
  • Harilal, S. S., Brumfield, B. E., Cannon, B., & Phillips, M. C. (2016). Shock wave mediated plasma chemistry of AlO formation in laser ablation plumes Analytical Chemistry, 88(4), 2296-2302. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04136
  • Harilal, S. S., LaHaye, N. L., & Phillips, M. C. (2016). Two-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas. Optics Letters, 41(15), 3547-3550. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.41.003547
  • Harilal, S. S., Yeak, J., Brumfield, B. E., & Phillips, M. C. (2016a). Consequences of femtosecond laser filament generation conditions in standoff LIBS   Optics Express, 24(16), 17941. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.017941
  • Harilal, S. S., Yeak, J., Brumfield, B. E., & Phillips, M. C. (2016b). Dynamics of molecular emission features from nanosecond, femtosecond laser and filament ablation plasmas. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 31, 1192-1197. doi:DOI: 10.1039/c6ja00036c
  • LaHaye, N. L., Phillips, M. C., Duffin, A., Eiden, G., & Harilal, S. S. (2016). The influence of ns- and fs-LA plume local conditions on the performance of a combined LIBS/LA-ICP-MS sensor  Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 31(2), 515-522 doi:DOI: 10.1039/c5ja00317b
  • Skrodzki, P. J., Becker, J. R., Diwakar, P. K., Harilal, S. S., & Hassanein, A. (2016). A Comparative Study of Single-pulse and Double-pulse Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy with Uranium-containing Samples. Applied Spectroscopy, 70(3), 467-473. doi:DOI: 10.1177/0003702815626670
  • Skrodzki, P. J., Shah, N., Taylor, N., Hartig, K., LaHaye, N., Brumfield, B., . . . Harilal, S. S. (2016). Significance of plasma-ambient conditions in U absorption  and emission features in laser ablation plasmas. Spectrochimica Acta Part B-Atomic Spectroscopy, 125 112–119. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2016.09.012

2015

  • Anoop, K. K., Polek, M. P., Bruzzese, R., Amoruso, S., & Harilal, S. S. (2015). Multidiagnostics analysis of ion dynamics in ultrafast laser ablation of metals over a large fluence range. Journal of Applied Physics, 117(8), 083108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4967313
  • Diwakar, P. K., Harilal, S. S., Phillips, M. C. (2015). Characterization of ultrafast laser-ablation plasma plumes at various Ar ambient pressures. Journal of Applied Physics, 118(4), 043305. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4927625
  • El-Atwani, O., Hattar, K., Hinks, J. A., Greaves, G., Harilal, S. S., & Hassanein, A. (2015). Helium bubble formation in ultrafine and nanocrystalline tungsten under different extreme conditions. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 458, 216-223 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.095
  • El-Atwani, O., Suslova, A., Novakowski, T. J., Hattar, K., Efe, M., Harilal, S. S. (2015). In-situ TEM/heavy ion irradiation on ultrafine-and nanocrystalline-grained tungsten: effect of 3 MeV Si, Cu and W ions. Materials Characterization, 99, 68-76. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2014.11.013
  • Harilal, S. S., Brumfield, B. E., & Phillips, M. C. (2015). Lifecycle of laser-generated air sparks. Physics of Plasmas, 22(6), 063301. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4922076
  • Harilal, S. S., Diwakar, P. K., LaHaye, N. L., & Phillips, M. C. (2015). Spatio-temporal evolution of U in laser-produced plasma. Spectrochimica Acta Part B-Atomic Spectroscopy, 111, 1-7. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2015.06.003
  • Harilal, S. S., Diwakar, P. K., Polek, M. P., & Phillips, M. C. (2015). Morphological changes in ultrafast laser ablation plumes with varying spot size. Optics Express, 23(12), 15608. doi:DOI:10.1364/OE.23.015608
  • Harilal, S. S., Yeak, J., & Phillips, M. C. (2015). Plasma temperature clamping in fLIBS. Optics Express, 23(21), 27113. doi:DOI:10.1364/OE.23.027113
  • LaHaye, N. L., Diwakar, P. K., Kurian, J., Alff, L., & Harilal, S. S. (2015). Precise stoichiometric analysis of thin films using fs-LA-ICP-MS. Scientific Reports, 5, 13121. doi:DOI: 10.1038/srep13121
  • Roy, A., Harilal, S. S., Hassan, S. M., Endo, A., Mocek, T., & Hassanein, A. (2015). Collimation of laser-produced plasmas using axial magnetic field. Laser and Particle Beams, 33(2), 175-182. doi:10.1017/S0263034615000075
  • Suslova, A., El-Atwani, O., Harilal, S. S., & Hassanein, A. (2015). Material ejection and surface morphology changes during transient heat loading of tungsten as plasma-facing component in fusion devices Nuclear Fusion, 55(3), 033007. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/55/3/033007