Amine functionalized graphene oxide yields laminates with an enhanced capacity to adsorb rare earth elements, improved water transport, and greater stability for effective membrane-based separation of critical minerals.

Replacing commercial acid with acidic waste enables researchers to improve nickel extraction efficiency, lower projected costs, and improve process economics.

Localized gradients in magnetic fields have long-range effects on the concentration of rare earth ions in solution, facilitating field-driven extraction of critical minerals.

Studying a series of rare earth element compounds revealed differences in their magnetic behavior that will be leveraged for separations.

Soil mineral preferentially incorporates rare earth elements based on size, with implications for critical mineral extraction.

PNNL's accomplishments in FY 2024 help address the remaining challenges the wind industry faces.

A research buoy managed by PNNL has been deployed in Hawai’ian waters, collecting oceanographic and meteorological measurements off the coast of O’ahu.

Multidisciplinary teams from research and industry are brought together using management systems developed by a team of software engineers at PNNL.