REDOX FLOW BATTERIES BASED ON SUPPORTING SOLUTIONS CONTAINING CHLORIDE
Redox flow battery systems having a supporting solution that contains Cl− ions can exhibit improved performance and characteristics. Furthermore, a supporting solution having mixed SO42− and Cl− ions can provide increased energy density and improved stability and solubility of one or more of the ionic species in the catholyte and/or anolyte. According to one example, a vanadium-based redox flow battery system is characterized by an anolyte having V2+ and V3+ in a supporting solution and a catholyte having V4+ and V5+ in a supporting solution. The supporting solution can contain Cl− ions or a mixture of SO42− and Cl− ions.
Redox Flow Batteries Based on Supporting Solutions Containing Chloride
Redox flow battery systems having a supporting solution that contains Cl− ions can exhibit improved performance and characteristics. Furthermore, a supporting solution having mixed SO42− and Cl− ions can provide increased energy density and improved stability and solubility of one or more of the ionic species in the catholyte and/or anolyte. According to one example, a vanadium-based redox flow battery system is characterized by an anolyte having V2+ and V3+ in a supporting solution and a catholyte having V4+ and V5+ in a supporting solution. The supporting solution can contain Cl− ions or a mixture of SO42− and Cl− ions.
REDOX FLOW BATTERIES BASED ON SUPPORTING SOLUTIONS CONTAINING CHLORIDE
Redox flow battery systems having a supporting solution that contains Cl− ions can exhibit improved performance and characteristics. Furthermore, a supporting solution having mixed SO42− and Cl− ions can provide increased energy density and improved stability and solubility of one or more of the ionic species in the catholyte and/or anolyte. According to one example, a vanadium-based redox flow battery system is characterized by an anolyte having V2+ and V3+ in a supporting solution and a catholyte having V4+ and V5+ in a supporting solution. The supporting solution can contain Cl− ions or a mixture of SO42− and Cl− ions.
REDOX FLOW BATTERIES BASED ON SUPPORTING SOLUTIONS CONTAINING CHLORIDE
Redox flow battery systems having a supporting solution that contains CD ions can exhibit improved performance and characteristics. Furthermore, a supporting solution having mixed S042- and CD ions can provide increased energy density and improved stability and solubility of one or more of the ionic species in the catholyte and/or anolyte. According to one example, a vanadium-based redox flow battery system is characterized by an anolyte having V2+ and V3+ in a supporting solution and a catholyte having V4+ and V5+ in a supporting solution. The supporting solution can contain CD ions or a mixture of S042- and CD ions.
Arun Devaraj, PhD, Materials Scientist
HIGH COULOMBIC EFFICIENCY CYCLING OF METAL BATTERIES
Embodiments of a method for cycling a rechargeable alkali metal battery with high Coulombic efficiency (CE) are disclosed. A slow charge/rapid discharge protocol is used in conjunction with a concentrated electrolyte to achieve high CE in rechargeable lithium and sodium batteries, include anode-free batteries. In some examples, the CE is ≧99.8%.
Nanomaterials for Sodium-Ion Batteries
We prepared single, crystalline, Na4Mn9O18 nanowires with a polymer-pyrolysis method using polyacrylates of Na and Mn as precursor compounds. The optimized Na4Mn9O18 materials display high crystallinity and a homogeneous nanowire structure, which provides a mechanically stable structure as well as a short diffusion path for Na-ion intercalation and extraction. The Na4Mn9O18 nanowires have shown a high reversible capacity (128 mA h g-1 at 0.1C), excellent cycleability (77% capacity retention for 1000 cycles at 0.5C), and promising rate capability for Na-ion battery applications. The outstanding performance of the Na4Mn9O18 nanowires makes them a promising candidate to construct a viable and low-cost Na-ion battery system for upcoming power and energy storage systems.
Long-Duration Energy Storage Can’t Wait
Long-duration energy storage gets the spotlight in a new Energy Storage Research Alliance featuring PNNL innovations, like a molecular digital twin and advanced instrumentation.
Increasing Rainfall in a Warmer World Will Likely Intensify Typhoons in the Western Pacific
Super typhoons grow more intense when their fresh rains reduce the ocean below's salinity.