PRIME (PNNL cybeR physIcal systemMs tEstbed)
The testbed 'PRIME" is implemented as a typical end-to-end SCADA hierarchy, from the substation to the control center, using a combination of a well-known power system simulator, power system control, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and industry grade EMS software. Other cyber-physical testbeds have similar modularity. However, they lack flexibility in swapping out the software used for EMS, FEP, and the hardware used for RTU and relays as the computational subsystems and the input/output (I/O) subsystems are tightly coupled and integrated. They tend to be tied to a single vendor. In our approach, the power system simulator and the hardware driver (analog output subsystems to drive HIL) are decoupled and are interconnected through communication protocols as an interface. This provides an additional level of modularity to the architecture creating an interoperable environment where power system simulators and hardware could be interchanged as long as they support streaming of measurements/commands. This allows several commonly used power system simulation software tools (both transmission and distribution system modeling tools) to be used. Hardware could be driven depending on the use cases considered. Proposed relaxation of an otherwise tight restriction greatly reduces the cost and improves flexibility by creating a modular solution. This capability of the PRIME to support Remote HIL (RHIL) is unique to the PRIME. In PRIME, field devices (e.g., protection relays, capacitor controllers) are integrated in the closed control loop and their communication with the EMS is implemented to match the real-world practices. This setup enables interactions among power systems model (simulator), power systems control (EMS) and field devices, and therefore provides an excellent platform to conduct interactive operator training, and for use in studying the impacts of communication impairments and cyber-defense work.
labor_planner
labor_planner was created to be used by project managers, human resource personnel, administrators, or staff that wish to evaluate current and future labor allocation to increase the efficacy of their projects. This package produces outputs in spreadsheet form that are easily navigable and informative. Outputs include staff-level individual summaries detailing project commitment monthly, project-level summaries highlighting the number of staff and hours per project within an organization, a staff overview summary containing funding probability considerations and visualization, all staff rundown of monthly commitments tied to visual indicators for over- and under-commitment, and overall summary charts and data for all staff and all project and their interrelation. labor_planner was designed for extension and reuse and the authors encourage continued community development.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND AGGREGATION FROM INFERRED USER REASONING
The visual analytic system enables information retrieval within large text collections. Typically, users have to directly and explicitly query information to retrieve it. With this system and process, the reasoning of the user is inferred from the user interaction they perform in a visual analytic tool, and the appropriate information to query, process, and visualize is systematically determined.
METHOD OF GENERATING FEATURES OPTIMAL TO A DATASET AND CLASSIFIER
A method of generating features optimal to a particular dataset and classifier is disclosed. A dataset of messages is inputted and a classifier is selected. An algebra of features is encoded. Computable features that are capable of describing the dataset from the algebra of features are selected. Irredundant features that are optimal for the classifier and the dataset are selected.
Blazing Signature Filter - Open Source
The Blazing Signature Filter (BSF) is a highly efficient pairwise similarity algorithm which enables extensive data mining within a reasonable amount of time. The algorithm transforms datasets into binary metrics, allowing it to utilize the computationally efficient bit operators and provide a coarse measure of similarity. As a result, the BSF can scale to high dimensionality and large comparisons and rapidly filter unproductive pairwise comparison.
SOLID-STATE RECHARGEABLE MAGNESIUM BATTERY
Embodiments of a solid-state electrolyte comprising magnesium borohydride, polyethylene oxide, and optionally a Group IIA or transition metal oxide are disclosed. The solid-state electrolyte may be a thin film comprising a dispersion of magnesium borohydride and magnesium oxide nanoparticles in polyethylene oxide. Rechargeable magnesium batteries including the disclosed solid-state electrolyte may have a coulombic efficiency ≧95% and exhibit cycling stability for at least 50 cycles.
Transactive Energy Simulation Platform (TESP) - Open Source
TESP combines existing domain simulators in the electric power grid, with new transactive agents, growth models and evaluation scripts. The existing domain simulators include GridLAB-D for the distribution grid and single-family residential buildings, MATPOWER for transmission and bulk generation, and EnergyPlus for large buildings. More are planned for subsequent versions of TESP. The new elements are: TEAgents - simulate market participants and transactive systems for market clearing. Some of this functionality was extracted from GridLAB-D and implemented in Python for customization by PNNL and others. Growth Model - a means for simulating system changes over a multiyear period, including both normal load growth and specific investment decisions. Customizable in Python code. Evaluation Script - a means of evaluating different transactive systems through customizable post-processing in Python code. TESP will run on Linux, Windows and Mac OS X.
Provenance Environment (ProvEn) Services SOFTWARE
The Provenance Environment (ProvEn) software is designed to monitor and analyze distributed scientific workflow application behavior in the context of its environment. At its core, ProvEn supports provenance capture, collection, storage and searches and uses an innovative hybrid approach to capturing and federating semantic provenance and time series metrics data. The ProvEn software consists of a client (Describe Anything Provenance Interface (DAPI) and HArvest Provenance Interface (HAPI)), a service cluster (i.e. ProvEn services), and a Web dashboard. The DAPI and HAPI client software for disclosing provenance and metrics streaming messages to a services where they can be persisted. The ProvEn services consists of a cluster that provide services to interface with compatible 3rd party databases for collection, storage, search, and retrieval using RESTful interfaces. The ProvEn dashboard interfaces with the ProvEn server to support message browsing and monitoring.
DefectSegNet
Microsoft Word - SREP-19-11906_manuscript_revised.doc We demonstrate the feasibility of automated identification of common crystallographic defects in steels using deep learning semantic segmentation, based on high-quality microscopy data. In particular, the DefectSegNet - a new hybrid CNN architecture with skip connections within and across the encoder and decoder was developed, and has proved to be effective at perceptual defect identification with high pixel-wise accuracy.
SOLID, HYDROPHOBIC AGGREGATORS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME
This invention involves the design, synthesis, and application of a novel product to be used in the treatment of oil spills in aquatic environments. The product entails chemical modification of sawdust or wood flour (a cheap product of sawmills) to render it with hydrophobic, oleophilic, and buoyant properties. The resulting product is herein referred to as an aggregator. Aggregators modified with oleic acid (OA) were further modified with fatty acids (C3-C18) to cover surface hydroxyl groups on sawdust. The final products showed super hydrophobic and 44.2% enhancement of crude oil sorption relative to OA-modified aggregators. They also showed excellent stability and recyclability. The Invention Synthesis and property: Our earlier work included sawdust modification with OA (called 1st generation aggregator). The 1st generation aggregator entailed an oleic acid (OA: C18) modified 20-40 mesh pine flour. They showed 100-165% weight percent gain (WPG), excellent buoyance, and 4.17g crude oil sorption/g aggregator. Though they showed excellent properties and test results, XRD and TGA analysis suggested that improvements can be made to the aggregator to boost performance. We added second fatty acids with different alkyl chain lengths to the 1st generation aggregators, which have uncovered surface hydroxyl groups. We first prepared three base 1st generation aggregators: pine/OA-106, pine/OA-124, and pine/OA-160, where numbers indicate WPG of OA in pine sawdust. To the base aggregators, we added fatty acids with different alkyl chain lengths (C3, C6, C8, C10, C12, C14, C16, C18). We have several significant observations listed below: Pyridine is the most costly reagent in the synthesis ( > 45% of the materials costs). The used pyridine solvent contains HCl and p-Tosylate (p-Ts). In fact, a tiny amount of water does not affect the reaction. We tried to recycle (vacuum distillation after treated with KOH and magnesium sulfate) pyridine and about 60% pyridine was recycled. When different fatty acids were added to the base aggregators, fatty acids with C10-C14 showed highest WPG and all mixed fatty acid-modified aggregators showed very hydrodrophobic (much more hydrophobic than the base aggregators). XRD analysis showed that (002) peak of cellulose on aggregators modified with C10-C14 fatty acids was expanded from 4.23 to 4.60Å (original pine sawdust: 3.98Å) due to more fatty acids penetrated and modified. In the FT-IR spectra of aggregators modified with C10-C14 it was hard to observe OH stretching vibration at 3500cm-1, which indicates that all aggregators are superhydrophobic. The aggregators start decomposition at 230oC though the original pine does 328oC, and they leave less than 0.1wt% ash after burned off at 700oC. Crude oil sorption test: we tested our aggregators for crude oil sorption. Three base materials showed about about 4.5g crude oil/ g aggregator, and our new aggregators sorbed 5.0 -6.4g crude oil/ g aggregator. Specifically, pine/OA-106-C14 sample (second C14 fatty acid was chemically modified on pine/OA-106 aggregator) showed 6.4g crude oil/g, which is about 44.2% enhancement relative to that of the pine/OA-106. Crude oil sorbed pine/OA-106-C14 sample was recycled (washed with CH2Cl2). It is easily washed and showed same property.