PNNL

Abstract

.thomsen@pnnl.gov Qian Huang Battery Materials & Systems Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, USA qian.huang@pnnl.gov Alasdair J. Crawford Battery Materials & Systems Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, USA alasdair.crawford@pnnl.gov Vilayanur V. Viswanathan Battery Materials & Systems Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, USA vilayanur.viswanathan@pnnl.gov David M. Reed Battery Materials & Systems Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, USA David.Reed@pnnl.gov Vincent L. Sprenkle Battery Materials & Systems Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, USA Vinent.Sprenkle@pnnl.gov Abstract— Electrochemical energy storage (EES) systems are gaining attention as renewable energy sources become more integrated into grid infrastructure. Among various EES options, Li-ion batteries currently account for over 90% of usage.[1] However, their performance, safety, and reliability have not been thoroughly evaluated. This work will cover the performance of nine different commercial Li-ion battery cell chemistries, tested under standardized grid duty cycle protocols developed by the Department of Energy (DOE) - Office of Electricity (OE). We will compare the lifecycle metrics derived from capacity, resistance, charge/discharge energy, and total utilized energy of these battery chemistries. Additionally, we will discuss the effects of aging, frequency regulation (FR), peak shaving (PS), and electric vehicle (EV) drive cycles on degradation mechanisms.