PNNL

Abstract

Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy (LCTEM) provides a unique insight into the dynamics of nanoparticles in solution. Controlling the mixing of multiple solutions within the liquid cells remains a key hurdle in our ability to study nanoparticle formation/modifications through conventional synthesis i.e. by mixing solutions. Here, we report that piezo dispensing techniques, allow for the mixing of multiple solutions directly within the viewing area. This technique deposits pL droplets of various aqueous and organic solutions onto the liquid cell window, prior to assembly of the cell in a fully controlled manner. This proof of concept shows the great potential for using picoliter dispensing in combination with LCTEM to observe nanoparticle synthesis or modification by solution phase mixing and the creation of chemical gradients.