Non-contact millimeter-wave measurements at a frequency of 137 GHz were used to detect the thermal emission and reflectivity from the molten surface of Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) black frit glass as sodium sulfate salt was added. The experiments were carried out in the EV-16 melter at Clemson Environmental Technology Laboratory (CETL) with 245 lbs. (111 kG) of glass and a total of 4.2 lbs. (1.9 kG) of added salt. The dynamics of salt layer build up were observed from the initial formation of small drops of about 5 mm diameter or less to larger pools > 28 mm cross-section that were coincident with the increase in millimeter-wave surface level fluctuations causing the salt to flow back and forth until a continuous layer was formed. The millimeter-wave emissivity at 137 GHz of DWPF black frit glass melt and molten sodium sulfate salt at 950?C was determined to be 0.64 ? 0.05 and 0.44 ? 0.05, respectively.
Revised: November 10, 2005 |
Published: August 1, 2004
Citation
Woskov P.P., S.K. Sundaram, W.E. Daniel, Jr., and D.H. Miller. 2004.Molten salt dynamics in glass melts using millimeter-wave emissivity measurements.Journal of Non-crystalline Solids 341, no. 1-3:21-25.PNNL-SA-40624.