X-ray diffraction (XRD), 13C Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy were used to investigate interactions between N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) and Ia cellulose. Cellulose II precipitated from NMMO/H2O/Ia cellulose solution by adding excess water. Comparing hydrolysis activities, reprecipitated cellulose was three times more reactive than untreated Ia cellulose. Solid mixtures comprising equal masses of powdered I? cellulose and NMMO were heated to various temperatures and cooled to room temperature. Analysis after cooling showed that during heating, the NMMO crystal structure collapsed between 70 and 100 ?C (80 to 110 oC below pure NMMO). and I? cellulose became amorphous.. When the protocol involved heating to 150 ?C, FTIR data suggest that H2O, hydrogen-bonded to NMMO, can be displaced by cellulose, leaving H2O either hydrogen bonded to cellulose or unbound and physically confined within the cellulose matrix.
Revised: April 20, 2011 |
Published: January 2, 2007
Citation
Zhao H., J. Kwak, Y. Wang, J.A. Franz, J.M. White, and J.E. Holladay. 2007.Interactions between cellulose and N-Methylmorpholine-N-oxide.Carbohydrate Polymers 67, no. 1:97-103.PNNL-SA-47729.doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.04.019