Production of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a biomarker of CVD risk, is dependent on intestinal microbiota, but little is known of
dietary conditions promoting changes in gut microbial communities. Resistant starches (RS) alter the human microbiota. We sought to
determine whether diets varying in RS and carbohydrate (CHO) content affect plasma TMAO levels. We also assessed postprandial glucose and insulin responses and plasma lipid changes to diets high and low in RS. In a cross-over trial, fifty-two men and women consumed a 2-week baseline diet (41 percentage of energy (%E) CHO, 40% fat, 19% protein), followed by 2-week high- and low-RS diets separated by 2-week washouts. RS diets were assigned at random within the context of higher (51–53 %E) v. lower CHO (39–40 %E) intake. Measurements were obtained in the fasting state and, for glucose and insulin, during a meal test matching the composition of the assigned diet. With lower CHO intake, plasma TMAO, carnitine, betaine and ?-butyrobetaine concentrations were higher after the high- v. low-RS diet (P
Revised: March 1, 2017 |
Published: December 20, 2016
Citation
Bergeron N., P.T. Williams, R. Lamendella, N. Faghihnia, A. Grube, X. Li, and Z. Wang, et al. 2016.Diets High in Resistant Starch Increase Plasma Levels of Trimethylamine-N-oxide, a Gut Microbiome Metabolite Associated with CVD Risk.British Journal of Nutrition 116, no. 12:2020-2029.PNNL-SA-124065.doi:10.1017/S0007114516004165